The Daily Bleed's Anarchist Timeline / Time Line

http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/spain/ferrer.html

9- 3 -1909 -- US: Mayor of Burlington, Vt., prevents Emma Goldman from speaking anywhere in his city.

Accompanied by Ben Reitman, Emma is attempting to exercise her supposed free speech rights in a short lecture tour of Massachusetts, Vermont, & Rhode Island.

"Free thought, necessarily involving freedom of speech & press, I may tersely define thus: no opinion a law — no opinion a crime."

— Alexander Berkman

[Details, click here]

9- 8 -1909 -- US: Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) strikers at the Pressed Steel Car Plant in McKees Rock, Pennsylvania, force management to improve shop conditions, hike wages by 15 percent, & drop a "pool system."

This follows a hard won battle; the police attacked pickets & a July battle prompted the Wobblies to take charge, & on August 23rd 11 people were killed when a deputy opened fire on strikers on a streetcar.
[Details, click here]

9- 8 -1909 -- US: Unable to secure a lecture hall in Worcester, Massachusetts, anarchist Emma Goldman is invited to speak on the private property of Reverend Eliot White.

9- 12 -1909 -- Mexico: A young man, Emiliano Zapata, is elected to head the town council by villagers of Anenecuneo. (see 8 August, 10 April)
anarchist

http://www.ingeb.org/songs/emiliano.html

10- 13 -1909 -- Francisco Ferrer, founder of the "Modern School" movement, anarchist, murdered in Spain by the Catholic Monarchists.

On July 28, martial law was declared throughout Spain, & a brutal military suppression continued until September. Anyone deemed dangerous to the government was jailed.

Francisco Ferrer was found late in September & thrown in the dreaded fortress of Montjuich in Barcelona. A hurried trial ensued, in which he was accused of fomenting the insurrection. Ferrerhad very little, if anything, to do with the uprising, but false evidence & forced confessions were produced. The government also believed Ferrer had instigated the assassination attempt on the king in 1906 & wanted revenge.

Francisco Ferrer was put to death by firing squad on October 13, 1909. Because Ferrer was well-known internationally, his execution caused a sensation throughout North America & Western Europe. In Great Britain, George Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, & Sir Arthur Conan Doyle protested with Peter Kropotkin & other anarchists. Ferrer became a martyr for free thought &, with his execution, one of the most famous of Spanish anarchists.

10- 13 -1909 -- In capitals throughout Europe demonstrations are held protesting the execution of Francisco Ferrer. Violent confrontations between protestors & the police occur in Paris, where over 500,000 people turned out. In Argentina, a meeting improvised by the F.O.R.A. (the anarchist Federation Obrera Regional Argentina) brings out 20,000 workers & results in a General Strike which begins tomorrow & lasts until October 17.
http://perso.club-internet.fr/ytak/octobre2.html#13

10- 17 -1909 -- US: Emma Goldman is the chief speaker at a NY City mass meeting called to protest the Oct. 13 execution of Francisco Ferrer, founder of the Modern School movement in Spain. On the 23rd she marches in a parade of 600 anarchists & socialists in New York City to protest Ferrer's execution. She is still, during this period, engaged in free-speech battle in Philadelphia where police refused to let her speak in September.

11- 5 -1909 -- US: Prevented from speaking in a Brooklyn lecture hall, Emma Goldman addresses a crowd of 3,000 in an open-air meeting;

Dr. Ben Reitman is arrested for failing to obtain a permit for this outrage.

11- 14 -1909 -- Argentina: Simon Radowitzky, legendary "martir de Ushuaia", a young Polish anarchist, kills police chief Ramon Falcon with a bomb in Buenos Aires. Falcon had ruthlessly suppressed a renters strike & the workers' May Day celebrations.

"Simón non era outro que Radowitzky, aquel lexendario anarquista que vengara aos traballadores asasinados polo Coronel Falcón....."alt; Simon (Szymon) Radowicki
"Simon (Szymon) Radowicki kills colonel Falcón, the chief of Buenos Aires police that ordered the massacre of workers demonstrating on May Day ..."

[Details, click here]

12- 6 -1909 -- Russia: Moishe Tokar, a young Russian Jewish anarchist & exiled member of Judith Goodman's group in London before slipping back into Russia, attempts to assassinate Hershelman, the hated military commander of the Vilna Fortress.

12- 12 -1909 -- US:Anarchist-feminist Emma Goldman speaks on "Will the Vote Free Woman: Woman Suffrage" to an audience of 300 women, many of whom are suffragists. A collection is taken for Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, recently sentenced to a three-month prison term resulting from her arrest during a free-speech battle in Spokane, Washington.

Another of her famed lectures is "White Slave Traffic," which she delivers in NY City on the 26th, before embarking on her western tour. http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Goldman/Guide/introduction.html

1- 6 -1910 -- US: From January-June, Emma Goldman delivers a total of 120 lectures before 40,000 people in 37 cities in 25 states; credits her success to the organizing skills of Ben Reitman.

Goldman's tour of the "Land of the Free" begins with free-speech battles that thwart her from speaking in Detroit, Columbus, & Buffalo.
The January issue of her anarchist magazine Mother Earth is seized by the US Postmaster on Anthony Comstock's objection to her essay "White Slave Traffic." It was released on Jan. 29 when officials decide there is nothing legally objectionable in the magazine.
January 9-10, large audiences attend Goldman's lectures in Cleveland; Mid-January, a successful meeting in Toledo; In Chicago, Goldman conducts six lectures in English & three in Yiddish; January 23-24, three successful meetings in Milwaukee; January 26-27, speaking engagements in Madison, Wis., set off a storm of protest from state & university officials who deny any formal endorsement of Goldman; Late January, the press attributes Goldman's unsuccessful meeting in Hannibal, Mo., to the intimidation posed by police when they record the names of everyone who steps inside the lecture hall.

1- 13 -1910 -- Russia: Moishe Tokar, a young Russian Jewish anarchist who attempted to assassinate Hershelman, the hated military commander of the Vilna Fortress, is sentenced to death.

1- 19 -1910 -- Italy: Andrea Costa (1851-1910), dies, Imola. Anarchist, participant in the national conference under the direction of Bakunin. http://www.anares.org/theleme/
http://perso.club-internet.fr/ytak/janvier3.html#19

1- 29 -1910 -- France: Maurice Joyeux, outstanding figure of French anarchism, lives. http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/JoyeuxMaurice.htm

2- 8 -1910 -- Norway: Hans Henrik Jæger, (1854-1910), writer & anarchist, dies.

alt: Hans Jaeger

"Your face holds all the love in the world. Moonlight steals across your face so full of Earthly beauty & Grief. For now Death extends her hands of Life & a band is made between the thousands of generations who are dead & the thousands ofgenerations who are to come"

— Edvard Munch
See the Anarchist Encyclopedia page,
http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/JaegerHans.htm

Also,
http://void.nothingness.org/archives/RA/display/1965
http://www.leksikon.org/html/dk/jeger_hans_henrik.htm

2- 26 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman speaks in Buffalo, late this month, despite residues of Czolgosz-inspired apprehension & disapproval of anarchism. Also holds three meetings in Rochester.

3- 11 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman speaks on "The General Strike [of Philadelphia]" in Pittsburgh. The "free" press does not announce her talks in fear that she will prompt a riot.

anarchist feminist

3- 18 -1910 -- US: A celebration of the fifth anniversary of the anarchist journal "Mother Earth" takes place in New York City.

Also beginning mid-March,despite an absence of press coverage, Emma Goldman conducts four lectures in Minneapolis.
She also lectures for the first time in Sioux City, Iowa. &, organized on short notice, Goldman's lecture in Omaha is well received.

3- 26 -1910 -- Making Amends? US Congress bars paupers, anarchists, criminals, & the diseased from the US; Immigration Act of 1907 amended.

3- 26 -1910 -- US: Making Amends? Amendment to the Immigration Act of 1907 is passed, forbidding entrance to the United States of criminals, paupers, anarchists, & persons carrying diseases.

Martin Gudell's grandson recently relayed me this anecdote:

"After he fled France (during WWII) he came to the U.S. since there was no place safe for him & his wife in Europe.
He did not have documentation that he was born in the U.S. [apparently born in Rochester, NY], but he managed to convince the immigration officers that he was a citizen by singing "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star." He told me he remembered learning the song in kindergarten.
Imagine a thirty-something year old anarchist singing "Twinkle Twinkle" to bureaucrats!

4- 11 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman's lectures in early April in Denver, Colorado, are well attended. But Emma & Dr. Ben Reitman are arrested in Cheyenne, Wyoming, while conducting an open-air meeting. The arrests spur further interest in Red Emma.

4- 16 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman lectures in San Francisco, mid-April, & debates a socialist on "whether collective regulation or free love will guarantee a healthy race."

4- 27 -1910 -- US: In late April, Emma Goldman visits Jack London & his wife Charmian at their ranch at Glen Ellen, Calif.

anarchist feminist

5- 1 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman lectures on anarchism & "Marriage & Love" in Reno, Nevada. A real crapshoot.

5- 6 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman pleased by the overwhelmingly positive reception to her lectures & debate in Los Angeles; claims to havedelivered that city's first-ever Yiddish lecture.anarchist feminist

5- 16 -1910 -- Henri-Edmond Cross (aka Delacroix) (1856-1910) dies. French neo-impressionist/pointillist painter, illustrator, anarchist. See the Anarchist Encyclopedia, http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/CrossHenri-Edmond.htm

5- 21 -1910 -- The underground & influential journal "Min-pao," a Chinese language publication based in Paris publishes its last issue, devoting it almost entirely to Wang Ching-wei (influenced by the anarchist writings of this period). See the Anarchist Encyclopedia page, http://www.eskimo.com/~recall/bleed/sinners/Min-pao.htm

5- 24 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman begins lecture tour, visits San Diego, Portland, Seattle, & Spokane.anarchist

5- 31 -1910 -- US: Car in which Emma Goldman & Reitman are riding is struck by a freight train in Spokane, Washington. Goldman thrown from car & badly bruised. The anarchist continues her speaking engagements, in Butte, Bismarck, & Fargo; travels through Milwaukee & Chicago.

6- 13 -1910 -- France: In Paris, confrontations take place at Faubourg Saint-Anthony between cabinetmakers & police. The anarchist Henri Cler is wounded & dies. Cler's funeral at the Pantin cemetery draws tens of thousands of people, & is the scene of new police violence, who apparently have no respect for anyone, living or dead.

6- 26 -1910 -- France: In Paris & Pantin, funeral ceremonies are held for the anarchist Henri Cler (killed during a series of confrontations between police & striking cabinetmakers on June 13) -- marked once more by the tons of police trying to disperse the thousands of people present.
http://perso.club-internet.fr/ytak/juin4.html#26

7- 2 -1910 -- Jean-Jacques Liabeuf executed. French shoe-maker guilliotined despite massive protests initiated by the anarchists. Gustave Herve, the revolutionary socialist & publisher of "The Social War", got four years in prison for merely writing articles defending Liabeuf.
http://perso.club-internet.fr/ytak/juillet1.html#2

7- 4 -1910 -- US: The newspaper "Solidarity", voice of the I.W.W., considers the topic of "sabotage", ala Emile Pouget, in connection with a strike of 600 tailors who win the majority of their demands thanks to solidarity & the use of sabotage.anarchist

8- 3 -1910 --

Ricardo Flores Magon, Antonio I. Villarreal & Librado Rivera are freed from the Florence, Arizona, jail where they were serving an 18 month sentence for alleged "violation" of the neutrality laws.

The three Mexican anarchists immediately went to Los Angeles where they were met at the railway station by hundreds of P.L.M. sympathisers. At the end of August Praxedis left San Antonio, where he had been working in the railway workshops, & joined Ricardio Flores Magon & in September publication of 'Regeneracion' was resumed with Praxedis as a member of the editorial board.

They were all prosecuted for "neutrality border violations".
http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/anarchists/guerrero/biography.html

8- 5 -1910 -- Constant Marie, "Le Père Lapurge" (1838-1910), dies. French Communard, militant & anarchist songster.

Marie was a composer-songwriter of revolutionary songs, the best-known being "Dame Dynamite", "le Père Lapurge"(source of his nickname) & "La Muse Rouge" (source of the name taken in 1901 by a famous group of poets & revolutionary chansonniers which produced songs which are now part of a great French legacy).
"Je suis le vieux Père Lapurge,
Pharmacien de l'Humanité;
Contre sa bile je m'insurge
Avec ma fille Egalité.
J'ai ce qu'il faut dans ma boutique
Sans le tonnerre et les éclairs
Pour bien purger toute la clique
Des affameurs de L'Univers..."

— "Le Père Lapurge",
excerpt, published in 1886 in the Calais anarchist newspaper, "La Révoltedes Affamés.".

[Details, click here]

10- 1 -1910 -- US: Twenty-one killed when the Los Angeles Times building is dynamited while embroiled in labor strife. McNamara arrested. Anarchist involvement immediately suspected.

10- 1 -1910 -- Mexico: The Mexican Libéral party adopts anarchist slogan, "Tierra y Libertad". http://www.pitzer.edu/~dward/Anarchist_Archives/bright/magon/home.html

10- 1 -1910 --

Canada: Subscribers denied receipt of materials from the anarchist Mother Earth Books in NY, by order of Canadian authorities, because of their "treasonable nature." [BleedMeister & treasonous friends — Stan Iverson, Joy Cameron, Charlie Knox, Paula Silverman, & others — in Seattle began an anarchist bookstore of the same name, around 1970, in honor of the fine tradition begun by Emma Goldman].

10- 19 -1910 -- France: Death of Luigi Lucheni found hung in his cell. Anarchist advocate of "propaganda by the deed," he killed the impératrice Elisabeth of Austria, (September 10, 1878) & got, at age 25, life in prison. See the Anarchist Encyclopedia page,
http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/LucheniLuigi.htm

11- 1 -1910 -- Spain: In Barcelona, the Founding congress of the C.N.T. [Confederacion Nacional del Trabajo] begins. An anarchist trade union, it quickly became the largest & most important union in Spain, & plays the primary role in responding to the attempted takeover of the country by fascist military forces under Franco in 1936. Unfortunately the Revolution was undermined by the Republican government & the communists, degenerating into a Civli War, which Franco won.

The Spanish C.N.T. on the Internet (in Castillan):
http://www.cnt.es/

Background on Spain, see
http://burn.ucsd.edu/~anow/history/spain/

11- 1 -1910 -- US: At a public meeting in NY City, anarchists Dr. Ben Reitman & Emma Goldman question Anthony Comstock about his promotion of laws denying the use of mails for "obscene" materials (birth control information was classified "obscene").

11- 10 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman sets out to organize public protest in response to the pending execution of Japanese anarchist Kotoku Shusui (Denjiro), his common-law wife, Kanno Sugako, & 24 others.

11- 15 -1910 -- US: "The Agitator" first appears today, in Home Colony, Washington, comemmorating the 25th anniversary of the Haymarket Martyrs (Nov 11th).

Published by members of the anarchist colony of Home, Jay Fox made the bimonthly tabloid into a lively journal advocating a blend of libertarian ideas & revolutionary industrial unionism....
[Details, click here]

11- 20 -1910 -- Down for the Count?: Russian anarchist, novelist Leo Tolstoy dies, Astapovo train station. (Thought he was going someplace?)

Leo Tolstoy, 82, author, christian, anarchist (The Kingdom of God is Within You) dies of pneumonia contracted when he flees from his wife of 48 years & heads for the Caucasus, accompanied only by his doctor & his youngest daughter Alexandra.

11- 22 -1910 --

US: Police authorities deny the anarchist-feminist Emma Goldman, during November-December lectures, the right to speak in Washington, D.C., & Indianapolis. She miraculously escapes police interference in Baltimore where she presents five lectures.

11- 24 -1910 -- Jean Meckert, aka Jean or John Amila, (1910-1995) lives. Libertarian novelist & antimilitarist.

ean Meckert's first novel Les coups (1941) is noticed by Andre Gide & Raymond Queneau.
In 1950, at the request of Marcel Duhamel, Meckert began writing detective novels under the name John Amila, a score of which appear in the 'Noir Series.' Notable are La lune d'Omaha; Noces de soufre; Pitié pour les rats (1964), Le boucher des Hurlus (1982).
His 1971 novel La vierge et le taureau denounced military misdeeds in the South Pacific (atomic & bacteriological experiments). Meckert's books are all stamped with the antimilitarist & anarchist spirit.
" I do not know if I am an anarchist, but I know the ideas. My father was an anarchist..."
— "le monde libertaire," December 3, 1987
http://www.sdm.qc.ca/txtdoc/pol/adu/AMILAJEAN.html
http://www.humanite.presse.fr/journal/1997/1997-03/1997-03-11/1997-03-11-038.html
http://w3.tvi.cc.nm.us/~rswigg/BIAuthorsPolled.htmlhttp://www.insite.fr/interdit/2001oct/daeninckxb.htm
Bibliography: http://www.sdm.qc.ca/txtdoc/pol/adu/AMILAJEAN.html
http://www.mauvaisgenres.com/jean_amila.htm

11- 25 -1910 -- Jules Durand, French anarchist & revolutionary trade unionist, is sentenced to death in Le Havre, a victim of corrupt witnesses & smears by the local press. In a reopening of his case 15 June 1918 he will be found totally innocent. Unfortunately, by this time he had gone insane from being kept subdued in a strait jacket for 40 days, & Jules Durand spends the rest of his life in an asylum. See 20 February 1926.

12- 4 -1910 -- US: Emma Goldman begins Sunday lecture series in New York City on anarchism, the drama, "Tolstoy, the Rebel," & "The Parody of Philanthropy." Also during this month her collection, Anarchism & Other Essays is published.

12- 17 -1910 -- Jean Maitron lives. French libertarian historian. Wrote numerous works, including Histoire du mouvement anarchiste en France (1880-1914). http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/1998/02/RIVIERE/10039.html

12- 24 -1910 -- US: Anarchist ball sponsored by Mother Earth in New York City.
http://www.isomedia.com/homes/harpo/
http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/goldman/ME/me.html

12- 29 -1910 -- Mexico: The anarchist Praxedis Gilberto Guerrero is killed after leading a small band in capturing the town of Janos. He now has a city named for him.

Following the arrest of Ricardo Flores Magón, Villarreal & Rivera by U.S. authorities, Praxedis moved to LA to assist Manuel Sarabia & Lazano Gutierrez de Lara in the production of 'Revolucion', until that was shut down by US censors.
He returned to Mexico where he lead a small group of insurgents & was killed in battle by the federales.
In 1932 his remains were exhumed & taken to the state capital, Chihuahua, where they were reinterred with great pomp.
[Details, click here]

Anarchism
Anarchism is a tendency in the history of human thought & action which seeks to identify coercive, authoritarian, & hierarchic structures of all kinds & to challenge their legitimacy — & if they cannot justify their legitimacy, which is quite commonly the case, to work to undermine them & expand the scope of freedom.
— Noam Chomsky

1- 1 -1911 --

US: Opening in New York of a "Modern School" founded by the Ferrer Association, with the assistance of Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman.

1- 3 -1911 -- England: Sidney Street Siege, East London: three anarchists suspected of killing three cops three weeks earlier shoot it out with over a thousand troops, including Scots Guards from the Tower of London & armed police.
[Source: Calendar Riots]

1- 5 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman speaks at the inauguration of the new Ferrer School in New York City.

Also the publishing offices of Mother Earth have moved from 210 East Thirteenth Street to 55 West 28th Street, New York City.

1- 6 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman begins her annual "pilgrimage" with a lecture in Rochester. Over the next six months she will travel to 50 cities in 18 states, delivering 150 lectures & debates.

January 8-14, Goldman's lectures in Buffalo & Pittsburgh poorly attended; January 15-16, Successful events in Cleveland, especially the Jewish meeting; January 17-20, mixed results in Columbus; denied opportunity to speak on several occasions. Goldman receives support from many members of the United Mine Workers, although leaders of the UMW vote against inviting her to speak at their convention; Mid-January, she holds small meetings in Elyria & Dayton, Ohio; January 21-23, Speaks in Cincinnati; January 24-25, After a free-speech battle in Indianapolis, Goldman is offered use of the Pentecost Tabernacle by a preacher; the next day she speaks at the Universalist Church; Late January, Goldman holds two meetings in Toledo; January 31-February 5, Lectures in Detroit disappointing.

1- 8 -1911 -- Pietro Gori (1865-1911) dies, aged 46. Gori was an Italian lawyer, an ardent legal defender of anarchists, & himself an anarchist & labor activist. He was forced into exile numerous times by government repression. Gori was a founder of the FORA (in Argentina), the review "Criminologia moderna" &, with Luigi Fabbri, the review "Il pensiero". Gori was also a poet, dramatist & author of the famous song "Addio Lugano bella".
http://www.bfspisa.com/
http://flag.blackened.net/ksl/bullet19.htm#Pietro Gori
http://www.anares.org/theleme/nmga.htm#6http://www.anarchismo.it/gori.html

1- 11 -1911 -- First "Modern School", based on ideas of Francisco Ferrer, founded by a group including Leonard Abbott, Alexander Berkman & Emma Goldman, New York City. Established in 1911, it was moved to Stelton, New Jersey, in 1914.

See Paul Avrich, The Modern School Movement (Princeton, 1980) & Laurence Veysey, "The Ferrer Colony & the Modern School," in The Communal Experience: Anarchist & Mystical Communities in Twentieth-Century America (University of Chicago Press, 1978).

http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/5422/
http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/speccoll/findaids/historical/ferrer
For a more contemporary take, see http://www.infoshop.org/kidz/k_schools.html & http://www.infoshop.org/kidz/readings.html
In 1911, Man Ray "Begins going to Ferrer Center (so named after the Spanish anarchist). The Center functioned under libertarian principles, with classes in drawing, watercolor. "In fact, everything was open & free, even love."
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/2419/spain_ferrer.html

1- 18 -1911 -- Japan: The cry of “Museifu Shugi Banzai!” (Long Live Anarchy!) resounds in a Japanese court room, shouted by Kanno Suga, one 26 defendants in the “High Treason Case” (Taigyaku Jiken).
This is in response to a death by hanging verdict for 24 of them The others receive prison terms of 8 & 11 years. They were charged with conspiring to assassinate the God Emperor. http://www.willamette.edu/~rloftus/taishosoc.htm

1- 24 -1911 -- Japan: Shusui Denjiro Kotoku (1871-1911) & 11 other anarchists hanged for a plot against the Japanese emperor's life. Journalist, writer, & one of the most outstanding figures of Japanese anarchism. Among the hanged is his partner Yugetsu Sugo Kanno. http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/worldwidemovements/japanbiblio.html

1- 29 -1911 -- Mexico: The Mexican liberal party of anarchist Ricardo Flores Magon goes on the offense.
The town of Mexicali is taken, under control of Simon Berthold & Jose Maria Leyva. Tijuana falls next, & the revolution extends to the other provinces.
The Magonistes were joined by many internationalists, revolutionaries & members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) who came to help. Under the rallying cry of Tierra y Libertad, the "commune of Lower California" attempt a libertarian communist experiment: abolition property, collective work of the land, cooperative groups of producers, etc. Five months later, in late June, Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Francisco Madero (revolutionary opportunist), with the support of the American government, sends troops to crush them. The Magonistes are routed from Tijuana, & are trapped by the American army when they attempt to take refuge in the US. This libertarian revolution remains little-known, being eclipsed by the exploits of Villa & Zapata.
http://flag.blackened.net/liberty/images/libertarians.html
In Espanol, http://www.patriagrande.net/mexico/ricardo.flores.magon/index.html
http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/worldwidemovements/mexicobiblio.html
http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/mexico/history.html

2- 5 -1911 -- Mexico: Guadalupe is captured by the revolutionary anarchist forces of Ricardo Flores Magon's Liberal Party.

http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/mexico/history.html

2- 10 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman lectures in Chicago for the next 6 days.anarchist feminist

2- 11 -1911 -- From an article appearing today in "Regeneracion" (Mexican anarchist paper), titled "The Social War",

"A revolution which does not guarantee people the right to live is a revolution of politicians &, disinheriting us, we must turn our backs on them. We, the poor, need a social revolution (...) that is, we need a revolution which gives to all, men & women, the land which up to now was the exclusive inheritance of some privileged people of fortune".

2- 26 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman speaks in St. Louis, February 26 through March 3. anarchist feminist
With the help of William Marion Reedy, Goldman's lectures are widely attended. Here she meets political artist Robert Minor & Roger Baldwin arranges two speaking engagements for Goldman at the exclusive Wednesday Ladies' Club.
Lecture topics include "The Eternal Spirit of Revolution," "The Social Importance of Ferrer's Modern School," "Tolstoy — Artist & Rebel," & "Galsworthy's Justice."
Reedy was a literary entrepreneur who played a large role in breaking down the genteel literary tradition, developing a native poetry, & helping to form some fifty significant poets. Emily Dickinson, Stephen Crane, Ezra Pound, Edwin Arlington Robinson, Amy Lowell, Sara Teasdale, Carl Sandburg, & Vachel Lindsay are just a few of the writers whose works Reedy featured in his weekly magazine, the Mirror.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ARTminor.htm

3- 5 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman encounters police interference in Staunton, Ill., but manages to speak before members of this mining town, despite the arrest of one comrade. anarchist feminist

3- 6 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman — "the most dangerous woman in America" — lectures in Belleville, Ill., Milwaukee, & Madison, March 6-12. anarchist feminist

3- 13 -1911 -- Ricardo Flores Magón appeals to Emma Goldman for support of the revolutionary movement in Mexico.anarchist http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/gallery/galleryindex.htm#m

3- 21 -1911 -- US: Scheduling problems, March 13-21, for Emma Goldman's lecture series in St. Paul -- holds only one meeting.anarchist feminist http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/gallery/galleryindex.htm#g

3- 28 -1911 -- Bonnot -- gang bandit -- caught & killed by cops after months of joyous bank robbing & other escapades. Many letters had been sent publicizing their actions & taunting the police. The Bonnot Gang was formed by unemployed anarchists & received much enthusiastic response.
http://www.chez.com/durru/bonnot/bonnot.htm
http://www.mindspring.com/~acheslow/AuntMary/bonnot/bonnot_cover.html

3- 28 -1911 -- US: On or about this day (late March) Red Emma delivers six lectures in Minneapolis & three lectures in Omaha. anarchist feminist http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/gallery/galleryindex.htm#g

4- 2 -1911 -- US: Early AprilGoldman speaks to law students in Lincoln, Nebr., and Lawrence, Kans. Scheduled to participate in a debate and speak before a Jewish audience in Chicago.April 6-7Goldman scheduled to speak in Kansas City, Mo.anarchist feminist http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/gallery/galleryindex.htm#g

4- 14 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman's lecture on "Victims of Morality" among the most well attended in Denver (April 14-19).

4- 22 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman speaks in Salt Lake City, Utah, April 22-26.anarchist feminist

5- 1 -1911 -- Mexico: Climax of land revolt in Baja California led by the Partido Liberal Mexicano; Porfirio Diaz signs a peace treaty withFrancisco Madero in Mexico.anarchist

5- 5 -1911 -- Aristide Delannoy dies. French artist & contributor, along with Paul Signac, Maximilien Luce, Alexandre Steinlen, Van Rysselberghe, Camille Pissarro, Van Dongen, George Willaume, etc., to the anarchist magazine "Temps Nouveaux".

5- 7 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman is immensely pleased with success of her tour in Los Angeles, April 30-May 7; holds eleven meetings & raises financial support for the Mexican cause, & likens the uprising to the Paris Commune.

5- 8 -1911 -- Mexico: Tijuana is captured by the anarchist Magonistes of the Mexican Liberal Party. Lower California is now almost entirely in their hands. The Magonistes encouraged the people to take collective possession of the lands, to create co-operatives & refuse the establishment of any new government. http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/mexico/history/anarchism_1910.html
In Espanol, http://spin.com.mx/~hvelarde/Mexico/ricardo.flores.magon/home.html
http://www.pitzer.edu/~dward/Anarchist_Archives/worldwidemovements/mexicobiblio.html
http://www.pitzer.edu/%7Edward/Anarchist_Archives/bright/magon/home.html

5- 10 -1911 -- Mexico: Magonista anarchists, occupy Tijuana today until routed by Mexican Federalists on June 22.
The Magonistas were led by Jack Mosby, a deserter from the U.S. Marines, & later by Caryl Ap Rys Price. The Magonistas were supported & joined by many American members of the I.W.W. (Wobblies), & previous captured Mexicali (January 29) & Tecate (March 12, holding it for a few days).
http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/99winter/magonista.htm

5- 20 -1911 -- Mexico: The anarchist Magonistas of the Partido Liberal Mexicano publish a proclamation calling for the peasants to take collective possession of the land in the territories of Lower California where they have driven out the government, for "a free & happy life, without Masters or Tyrant".
http://www.laneta.apc.org/magon/memoria.htm
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/PP/wap4.html

6- 6 -1911 -- Mexico: Francisco Madero (a revolutionary opportunist seeking power), wins US support to send troops into lower California to crush the experimental "Libertarian Commune" whose rallying cry has been "Tierra y Libertad". The Commune began when the Magonistes took the city of Mexicali, on January 29, 1911, & part of Tijuana, which followed.

The communal experiments in Lower California, created & sustained by Magonist partisans of the Mexican Liberal Party,were aided by the American anarcho-trade unionists of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) & by many revolutionists & internationalists who came there.
On June 22, after five very fruitful months, the Magonistes were routed from Tijuana & sought refuge across the US border, but the American army was waiting for them.
This little-known chapter in libertarian revolutions was quickly eclipsed by the more spectacular exploits of Pancho Villa & the uprising led by the anarchist Emiliano Zapata.
http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/ws98/ws53_magon.html
http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bright/magon/history/index.html
In Espanol, http://www.patriagrande.net/mexico/ricardo.flores.magon/
In French, see l'éphéméride anarchiste,
http://perso.club-internet.fr/ytak/juin1.html#6

6- 28 -1911 -- Gaston Coute, French anarchist songster, dies.
http://perso.infonie.fr/c.lassalle/
http://www.chez.com/gcoute/

http://franceweb.fr/poesie/coute3.htm

9- 8 -1911 -- Spain: Opening of the founding congress of the Confederacion Nacional del Trabajo (C.N.T.). Nearly 100 delegates take two days to draw up the framework for this anarcho-syndicalist organization.
See Robert Kern, Red Years, Black Years: A Political History of Spanish Anarchism, 1911-1937, p25.

9- 9 -1911 -- Anarchist, alternativist writer Paul Goodman lives, New York City.
Paul Goodman

9- 23 -1911 -- MANIFESTO of September 23rd 1911

The Manifesto is issued by the Junta of the anarchist Mexican Liberal Party today. It will be broadcast & republished in its official organ, "Regeneracion", January 20, 1912.
http://www.ma.utexas.edu/users/guilfoyl/Magon.html

10- 1 -1911 -- Aguigui Mouna (aka Andre Dupont) lives. French agitator, propagandist pacifist, philosophical & individualistic libertarian.
Mixes pacifism & anarchist individualism, dating from 1951. Broke & on the streets of Paris he discovered his talent as agitator:
"It is while speaking that one becomes a loudspeaker".
Demonstrating alone, he harangues passersby in the streets of Paris. An early anti-nuke protestor, he started his own newspaper, "Mouna Frères".
Seeking opportunities to be heard, Mouna, on several occasions ran in presidential elections as a "Non-Candidate".
Died May 8, 1999 in Paris. Bernard Baissat devoted a film to this anti-conformist & Anne Gallois wrote the biography, Aguigui Mouna: "Gueule ou crève".
http://perso.club-internet.fr/ytak/octobre.html#mouna

10- 13 -1911 -- US: Commemoration of the second anniversary of the death of Francisco Ferrer, New York City.
Speakers include Leonard Abbott, James P. Morton, Harry Kelly & Emma Goldman. Bayard Boyesen, professor at Columbia University & a teacher at the Ferrer School, is later fired by university administrators for having shared the platform with Goldman at this event.
Angulo, Jaime de. The "Trial" of Ferrer: A Clerical-Judicial Murder. NY: New York Labor News Co., 1920 <1911>.
Francisco Ferrer by Voltairine de Cleyre,
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/5422/decleyre.html

Anarchists in New York, led by Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman, founded the Francisco Ferrer Association in 1910 "to perpetuate the work & memory of Francisco Ferrer."
Anarchist & printer Harry Kelly became chairman & Leonard Abbott, associate editor of Current Literature, was elected president. The Association had a threefold purpose: to publish & disseminate Ferrer's works, to organize memorial meetings on the first anniversary of his death, & to establish Modern School in cities throughout the country.

10- 15 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman begins a series (October 15-December 10) of Sunday afternoon & evening lectures in Yiddish & English to residents of New York City's Lower East Side.
Topics include "Marriage & the Lot of Children Among the Poor," "Government by Spies: The McNamara Case & Burns," "Art & Revolution," "Communism, the Most Practical Basis for Society," "Mary Wollstonecraft, the Pioneer of Modern Womanhood," & "Socialism Caught in Its Political Trap."
http://www.wnet.org/archive/tenement/eagle.html
http://www.infoshop.org/giulianism.html

10- 30 -1911 -- Italy: Augusto Masetti, a soldier in the Bologna barracks, shouting "Anarchy Lives!" as he floors the gas pedal, runs down Colonel Stroppa with a car as Stroppa exhorts his soldiers to depart for Libya. Stroppa is injured, & Masetti was committed to an asylum (to avoid trying him openly in court).

11- 18 -1911 -- US: Mother Earth (anarchist magazine) concert & ball held in New York City.
"When I was 15 I suffered from unrequited love, & I wanted to commit suicide in a romantic way...but at 16 I decided on a more exalted death.
I wanted to dance myself to death."

— Emma Goldman, Speech Before The Foyle's
29th Literary Luncheon, March 1, 1933
http://gos.sbc.edu/g/goldman4.html

11- 19 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman kicks off a series of "Five Sunday Night Lectures", in New York City, with "Communism, the Most Practical Basis for Society," before departing on Dec.17th for an annual lecture tour with Ben Reitman.anarchist

11- 25 -1911 -- Mexico: Tierra y Libertad demonstration, which includes the anarchist Emiliano Zapata. Zapata lanza el Plan de Ayala (still considered the most radical reform program in Mexican history).
"It is better to die on your feet
than to live on your knees."

— Emiliano Zapata
[Details, click here]

11- 26 -1911 -- Death of Paul Lafargue (son-in-law of Karl Marx). Went to Spain in a foolish effort to counter the Bakuninist ideas spread there by Fanelli. No anarchist he, but he's not all bad — after all, he wrote The Right to Be Lazy in 1893 while in prison. Translated & published by Charles Kerr publishing coop in Chicago, 1907. http://cat.tao.ca/dwu/lafargue-part1.html
http://cat.tao.ca/dwu/lafargue-part1.html

11- 26 -1911 -- US: The anarchist-feminist Emma Goldman lectures, in New York City, on "Mary Wollstonecraft the Pioneer of Modern Womanhood".

11- 28 -1911 -- Mexico: The anarchist Emiliano Zapata proclaims Plan of Ayala Mexico. http://www.patriagrande.net/mexico/emiliano.zapata/index.html
http://members.tripod.com/~pacogaray/

http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/Zapata/vallensale2.htm

12- 3 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman lectures, in New York City, on "Socialism Caught in the Political Trap".
anarchist

12- 10 -1911 -- US: The anarchist feminist Emma Goldman presents a lecture on "Sex, the Element of Creative Work," in New York City.
source: flyer reproduced in The Traffic in Women published by Times Change Press

12- 11 -1911 -- Mexico: Yaquis in Sonora, influenced by the anarchist Ricardo Flores Magón, reclaim stolen communal lands ("Tierra y Libertad!"). Their war with government lasts, officially, until 1929.
http://www.spunk.org/library/places/mexico/sp000717.txt
Anarchist_Archives/worldwidemovements/mexicobiblio.html
http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/mexico/history.html

12- 13 -1911 -- American poet Kenneth Patchen lives. Author (The Journal of Albion Moonlight; Memoirs of a Shy Pornographer) poet (Sleepers Awake, Poems of Humor & Protest), playwright, member of the San Francisco Anarchist Circle in the 1940s along with Rexroth, Philip Lamantia, Gary Snyder, et al.
Pioneered jazz poetry ("Kenneth Patchen Reads with the Chamber Jazz Sextet").
See also Kenneth Rexroth's Bird in the Bush.
His writings remain youth cult classics, from the Beats, to the hippies to today. Written before widespread public awareness of modern threats such as nuclear war & environmental devastation, portended today's concerns with clarity & gentle humor. Among his most charming/eloquent works are "picture poems," intuitive free verse combined with his fanciful paintings.
http://www.connectotel.com/patchen/
http://www.tc.umn.edu/~hreh0001/patchen.html

12- 17 -1911 -- US: Emma Goldman presents a farewell lecture, in New York City, before departing for annual lecture tour with Dr. Ben Reitman.anarchist

12- 21 -1911 -- France: First use of get-away-car in bank robbery, by the anarchist Bonnot Gang. http://www.chez.com/durru/bonnot/bonnot.htm
http://www.slotcars.net/
http://www.mindspring.com/~acheslow/AuntMary/bonnot/bonnot.html

1- 1 -1912 -- US: Paul Orleneff, actor, producer & friend of Emma Goldman, returns to the United States for a brief series of dramatic performances.
Orleneff was married to famed Russian actress & film star Alla Nazimova (she converted her home into the infamous "Garden of Allah" hotel when in financial straits).
In 1905, during the Russian pogroms in Russia, Orleneff's troupe did benefit performances on behalf of Jewish victims & Emma accompanied them on tour to Boston.
anarchist http://www.thegrid.net/apwills/biachad/biography/anazimova.html

1- 6 -1912 -- Christian anarchist Jacques Ellul lives, Bordeaux, France.
Fought with the Resistance during WWII. As a theologian, Ellul wrote 43 books, mostly about theology & ethics & his concerns of how to maintain moral values in a technological society. In 1988 he published Anarchie et Christianisme, defining his anarchism, explaining why he admires the likes of Mikhail Bakunin & the early anarcho-syndicalists.

1- 19 -1912 -- Armand Robin (1912-1961) lives, Plouguernével, Brittany. French translator, writer/poet, anarchist. See the Anarchist Encyclopedia page, http://www.eskimo.com/~recall/bleed/sinners/ArmandRobin.htm
http://www.bretagnenet.com/arobin/

2- 1 -1912 -- US: During this month Emma Goldman debates socialist Sol Fieldman twice in New York on "Direct versus Political Action." Bill Haywood & Elizabeth Gurley Flynn take collections for the striking textile workers. Also her publication Mother Earth alerts its readers to a major free-speech fight in San Diego.anarchist feminist

2- 3 -1912 -- US: Emma Goldman is a scheduled speaker at a meeting organized by the Italian Socialist Federation in Union Square to raise support for the Lawrence strikers.anarchist feminist

2- 10 -1912 -- US: Emma Goldman's annual lecture tour begins in Ohio, February 10-18; speaks in Cleveland, Lorain, Elyria, Columbus, & Dayton; topics include "Anarchism, the Moving Spirit in the Labor Struggle" & "Maternity," a Drama by Eugene Brieux (Why the Poor Should Not Have Children)."

2- 21 -1912 -- US: Emma Goldman lectures in Indianapolis & St. Louis, February 21-29.anarchist feminist

2- 24 -1912 -- US: Labor activist Elizabeth Gurley Flynn heads "Bread & Roses" Lawrence Textile Strike of 20,000 women in Lawrence, Massachusetts. Police attack 150 children & their parents at the town railroad station.anarchist

Several women were instrumental in the school's development: Elizabeth Ferm, Jo Ann Wheeler, Nellie Dick & Anna Schwartz.
Robert Henri taught at the Modern School. Other notable participants include Hippolyte Havel, Alfred Levitt, Will Durant & Man Ray. Visitors include Jack London, Margaret Sanger, Emma Goldman, & Peter Kropotkin.
Voltairine de Cleyre, a teacher, translated Ferrer's book The Modern School from Spanish into English, helping to build the Modern School movement in the US, fostering dozens of schools which experimented with anarchist education & collective learning in the early 1900s.

As we go marching, marching
In the beauty of the day
A million darkened kitchens
A thousand mill lofts grey
Are touched with all the radiance
That a sudden sun discloses
For the people hear us singing
Bread & Roses, Bread & Roses...

— James Oppenheim (1912)

Dorothy Day - Catholic Worker (USA)

Further Exemplary People for Social Justice & Religion

--- Thomas Paine, Common Sense; forgotten American & revolutionary whose remains are lost

"Je suis le vieux Père Lapurge,
Pharmacien de l'Humanité;
Contre sa bile je m'insurge
Avec ma fille Egalité.
J'ai ce qu'il faut dans ma boutique
Sans le tonnerre et les éclairs
Pour bien purger toute la clique
Des affameurs de L'Univers..."

— "Le Père Lapurge",
excerpt, published in 1886 in the Calais anarchist newspaper, "La Révoltedes Affamés.".

Paul Goodman