Cat Has Had the Time of His Life

    thin line

    Our Daily Bleed...



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-- http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/ce399.jpg bullet



-- Wherever he perceived an injustice, Max Weber entered the arena like a wrathful prophet castigating his fellows for their moral sloth, their lack of conviction, their sluggish sense of justice. When the academic powers refused to recognize the merit of a Sombart or a Simmel or a Michels, Weber rose passionately to their defense, even risking old friendships, when he felt that certain of his colleagues were moved by expediency in refusing professorships to Jews or political radicals. When Russians, Poles, & Eastern Jewish students were shunned by respectable German professors, Weber gathered them around himself & invited them to him home. When, during the war, pacifists and political radicals like the poet Ernst Toller were being persecuted, he asked them to his famous Sunday open house. Later, when Toller was arrested, Weber testified for him in a military court & succeeded in having him releases. When anti-Semitic, right-wing students in Munich insulted a Jewish student, Weber got hold of their leader & insisted that he apologize immediately. When a friend of his, Frieda Gross, had a love affair with a Swiss anarchist & was threatened with losing the custody of her children, Weber fought in the courts for over a year to defend her maternal rights. When Ernst Troeltsch refused during the war, in his capacity as administrator of a military hospital, to permit French prisoners to be visited by Germans, Weber denounced this as a "wretched case of chauvinism" & broke off relations with his old friend.


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-- http://www.garbology.com/freaks.gif clown http://www.unitedmedia.com/comics/dilbert/duh/images/decision.gif http://www.killuglytv.com/ads/newevilfish.gif



-- robERT nisbet Toward the end of the 1960s, Nisbet emerged as an academic spokesperson for the rising right wing of the Republican party. Indeed, Nicholas Lemann in a 1991 article declared "Nisbetism" to be the essence of Reaganism. He argued further that a reading of the Quest was essential to understanding the ideas & appeal of the modern Republican party. [7] To equate Nisbetism with Reaganism was, to be sure, an intentional overstatement. Yet I will argue here that Nisbet's vision of a traditionalist community stood distinct from left & liberal alternatives, resonated strongly with considerable segments of populace, & ultimately aided the Republican capture of the issues of local autonomy, church, family, & community. A number of New Leftists such as Paul Goodman, C. George Benello, & the authors of the Port Huron Statement quoted Nisbet or echoed many of his major themes. [21] He shared with many on the New Left contempt for the national community offered by some liberals, hostility to the ideas & tactics of the Old Left, & a nostalgia for a vaguely defined pre-modern way of life. [22] He in no way anticipated the mass uprising of blacks or the upheaval of the student movement, but his Quest, however inadvertently, provided an explanation for the existence of so much discontent in the midst of abundance. Yet the movements themselves, by challenging communities very close to Nisbet's own heart, soon forced him to clarify what he meant by community & power. [23] At the center of his concept of community lay not New Left themes of empowerment, participation, & freedom but rather his own enduring passion for localism, hierarchy, tradition, & authority. Having now power & pla


-- I don't want to satirise George Bush & his puppeteers, I want to vaporise them. -- Tom Lehrer, 2003


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-- Spain: PLACEHOLDER this could go in bleedref, related to the maquis in the bleed at the end of WWII

JUNE JULY AUGUST OCTUBRE / OCTOBER / OCTOBRE / OKTOBER / OTTOBRE / OUTUBRO

1944 - Summer - Spanish Groups of anarchists & Socialists who had made the resistance in France (where were esuli from the end of the civil war) are gotten ready to to continue the war of liberation in their Country.

First objective is that one to constitute one “belt armada” on the Pyrenees. They are dispersed in the frontier zones, settling itself here & here like peasants, laborers & employs to you. From these groups the frontier leaves a long attempt of invasion all & above all through It goes it them of Aràn. The attempt comes rejected from the pro-Franco army, than capture 3 or 4 mila “invading”.

October - reduced Nuclei of socialist libertarie guerrillas operate in the Asturias, the Leon, Galizia, the Levant, in Andalusia, Catalogna, Aragon & Estremadura.

1944 - Estate - Gruppi di anarchici e socialisti spagnoli che avevano fatto la resistenza in Francia (dove erano esuli dalla fine della guerra civile) si apprestano a continuare la guerra di liberazione nel loro Paese.

Primo obiettivo è quello di costituire una "cintura armada" sui Pirenei. Si disperdono nelle zone di frontiera, installandosi qua e là come contadini, operai ed impiegati. Da questi gruppi parte un tentativo di invasione lungo tutta la frontiera e soprattutto attraverso la Valle di Aràn. Il tentativo viene respinto dall'esercito franchista, che cattura 3 o 4 mila "invasori".

Ottobre - Nuclei ridotti di guerriglieri libertarie socialisti operano nelle Asturie, nel Leon, in Galizia, nel Levante, in Andalusia, Catalogna, Aragona ed Estremadura. http://www.chez.com/ascasodurruti/Biographies/biograF.htm Note: Mirrored page, no longer online, a Google cached version http://www.chez.com/ascasodurruti/Biographies/biograF.htm


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orange diamond dingbat; new entry, remove 2008DICTIONARY OF ANARCHIST MILITANTS

BUATOIS FA Buatois était adhérent à la Fédération Anarchiste dans les années 1950. lire la suite de l'article vendredi 8 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUCCIARELLI, Giuseppe Né vers 1898 - mort le 18 JULY juillet 1933 USI Exilé en France, Giuseppe Bucciarelli est mort le 18 juillet 1933 après avoir été renversé par une voiture. Il a été enterré à Fontenay le 26 juillet. lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUENO GIL, Miguel Né vers 1882 - gazé le 18 AUGUST août 1944 MLE – CNT – (Andalousie) & Berga (Catalogne) Militant de la FAI très connu dans la région de Berga, avait commencé à militer en Andalousie avant d’aller en Catalogne travailler dans les mines de Figols. Le 1er mai 1929 il aurait été l’auteur d’un attentat à la bombe. Sa participation à l’insurrection de janvier 1932 lui valut d’être emprisonné. Il s’était exilé en France à la fin de la guerre civile.Il était le père d’Alfonsina Bueno la première femme de José Ester Borras. Pendant l’occupation, et bien qu’il ne participat pas directement à la résistance, il était en contact avec son gendre qui participait au réseau Pat O’Leary dans le groupe de Francisco (...) lire la suite de l'article vendredi 8 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUENO, Luis Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône) Emigré à Marseille, Luis Bueno était en 1917 membre du groupe de langue espagnole des "Amis de Ce Qu’il faut dire" (CQFD). lire la suite de l'article vendredi 8 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUFFARD CGTSR En 1934, Buffard était membre de la commission administrative de la CGTSR. lire la suite de l'article vendredi 8 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUGGIA CNTF - Reims (Marne) Buggia militait à la CNTF à Reims dans les années 1950. lire la suite de l'article vendredi 8 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUISSON Alger Membre du groupe anarchiste communiste d’Alger, Buisson avait été poursuivi avec Feuillade en 1887 pour « délits de paroles ». lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BULLERI, Piero “TRE PIEDI” ; “VARO” ; “BOMBONIERA” Membre du groupe Germinal de Volterra, Piero Bulleri avait été condamné par un tribunal fasciste à six ans de prison pour « activités subversives ». Dès sa libération il s’intégrait à la résistance comme partisan dans la 23è Brigade Garibaldi. lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BURIAUX, L. Ouvrier métallurgiste - CGTSR - Bordeaux (Gironde ) En 1936 L. Buriaux était membre du syndicat des métaux de la CGTSR de Bordeaux. lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BURKLÉ, Paul UA - CNTF - Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) Cans les années 1930 Paul Burklé militait au groupe de Strasbourg de l’Union Anarchiste. Dans les années 1950 il était membre de la CNTF. lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BURTIN, Henri Coiffeur - SIA - Troyes (Aube) En 1939 Henri Burtin militait à la Solidarité Internationale Antifasciste (SIA) de Troyes (Aube). lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUSICO, Gaetano Né en 1924 FAI - Carrare Militant anarchiste italien Gaetano Busico avait participé en 1944 à la guérilla en Espagne dans la zone de Valleta del Segre. Membre de la Commission de correspondance de la Fédération anarchiste italienne (FAI) à Massa-Carrare, il faisait partie le 8 NOVEMBER novembre 1949 du groupe de compagnons qui attaquaient le consulat franquiste de Gênes en solidarité avec de jeunes libertaires emprisonnés en Espagne. Jugé en AVRIL / APRIL 1950 il était remis en liberté en juin 1951. lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUSSET, Daniel Cheminot - CNTF (FTR) - Vitry (Val-de-Marne) Ouvrier aux ateliers SNCF de Vitry, localité où il résidait, Daniel Busset était membre de la Fédération des travailleurs du Rail (FTR) de la CNTF. Il avait été délégué au 2è congrès de la FTR le 25 SEPTEMBER septembre 1948 et en octobre avait été élu secrétaire général adjoint du bureau de la FTR. Le secrétaire était alors R. Beaulaton. En 1950 son adresse figurait sur les listes de domiciles anarchistes à surveiller. lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUTH, R. Ouvrier du bâtiment - Allemagne R . Buth représentait en 1927 l’Allemagne à la Fédération Internationale des Travailleurs du Bâtiment (FITB) adhérente à l’AIT et dont le siège était à Paris (33 rue de la grange aux belles). Les autres membres du bureau étaient G. Blanken (Hollande), B. Lansink (secrétaire général) et Henri Bouyé (France) lire la suite de l'article samedi 9 décembre 2006 par R.D. BUTTARD, Michel FA - Paris En 1971 Michel Buttard était le secrétaire aux relations intérieures de la Fédération Anarchiste lire la suite de l'article http://militants-anarchistes.info/spip.php?rubrique27



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orange diamond dingbat; new entry, remove 2008

 

Dictionnaire Biographique C

(google translations from the French; see the online cite for French versions, from Le Centre Ascaso-Durruti http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/ )

CABAÑAS Jose

Born with

Collaborate in the writing of “the CNT in the revolución española” of Peirats.

 

CADENA Benito

Born with

1932: To protest against the deportation in Africa of 104 libertarians on the boat “Buenos Aires”, of the strikes & revolts were made day on all Spain. In Tarrasa the CNT took by storm the town hall & resisted, the weapons with the hand, until the arrival of the army. It was proceeded to the imprisonment of some participants, of which Benito.

 

CALLEJA Francisco

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of Aragon.

 

CALLEJAS Liberto (1884-1969)

1884: Born in Palma de Mallorca.

Director & writer of the newspaper Solidaridad Obrera.

Director of the Iberion newspaper, financed by Durruti.

1969: It dies in Mexico on December 29.

 

CAMACHO Diego to see PAZ Abel

 

CAMPIO Carpio

Born with

With inhabited Buenos Aires.

Collaborate in the writing of “the CNT in the revolución española.”

 

CAMPOS Evangelista ()

Born with

1944: Elected official with the secretariat of the National Committee of the MLE to the congress of Low wall in March.

1944: Re-elected with the section of economy of CN of the MLE in October in Toulouse.

1945: He was the first official delegate to leave for Barcelona in April with documentation for CN & CR Catalonia & the convocation to the Congress Paris May.

1946: During its arrest in April or March, in company of CR of Catalonia of Benjamin Sanchez, while trying to escape, it is wounded of two balls; later thanks to external assistances it can flee.

 

CAMPOS Severino

Born with

1937: Former regional secretary of the FAI at the time of the congress of the FIJL in Barcelona.

 

DUCK BARCELO Pedro (1896-1973)

1896: Born in Barcelona.

1931: In August, he is signatory of Proclamation from the “thirty”.

1945: It is delegated by the CNT collaborationnist of the interior as under-secretary to the minister of Agriculture in the republican government in exile to Mexico of Jose Giral.

1973: It dies in Mexico on November 13.

 

Jose CANELA WOOD

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the Catalan area.

 

CANELA WOOD SCHIAFFINO Domingo

1905: Born in Barcelona on April 25.

It lives the district of Collblanc it Torrassa & starts to militate at the 17 years age, in theatrical associations.

1927: Take part in the drafting of the bulletin El Ladrillero.

1932: Friend of Jose Peirats, three years its elder, they form a group “Afinidad” to thwart the” revolutionary adventures interventionists “of Ascaso, Durruti, Jover, Garcia Oliver, Jaune & Molina, which they believed adherent in the FAI. But Ascaso & Durruti had a group with share” Nosotros “. In agreement with the trentists on this point of view, it reproaches them for having to leave the CNT instead of remaining & to discuss within this one, which would have weakens” the adventurism of the FAI “. Friend of Peiro which it considers honest, it doubts others trentistas like Juan Lopez & Pestaña of which it supposes that they have” political “sights.

 

CANO RUIZ Divided into volumes

Born with

Journalist

1919: Delegated to the National Congress.

 

 

CANUDO Zenon

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of Aragon (Sarragosse).

 

CARACENA El Salvador

Born with

1919: At the time of the strike of “Canadiense”, it proposes to practice a censure via the workmen of the trade union of the graphic arts in all the newspapers of Barcelona, while preventing from publishing the articles favorable to the owners & the middle-class, which gave a very good result.

 

CARBALLEIRA Raul (1917-1948)

1917: Born on February 28 in Suarez, Argentina.

Autodidact, reader of Barrett & Pacheco.

Youth wandering in South America, with his/her friend Sergio Chavez.

1936: The events in Spain encourage it to leave for Europe.

1937: It arrives to Barcelona the day of a regional meeting of the FAI. Active militant in Barcelona.

1938: In April, although feeling reluctant to carry the weapons & the uniform, it leaves for the face & in disappointed cost.

1939: it takes refuge in France.

1948: Dies in Montjuich on June 26.

Bibliography: Booklet in homage post-mortem to the CAD n° 2171 & 2927.

 

CARBALLEIRA Angel

Born with

 

CARBO Eusebio C. (1883-

1883: Born in Palamos, Ampurda

Journalist

His/her father, republican & reader of pi y Margal & Proudhon, fact of him a young liberal, but very quickly, it passes in the world trade unionist. Very active & good propagator of the anarchistic ideas, it will be made locate by the police force & at 18 years will enter for the first time in prison, which it will connaitra of many times throughout his life. It knew Anselmo Lorenzo in his father who lodged it.

1914: Take part in the pacifist congress which had to take place in Ferrol, against the 1° world war.

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of the Levante, it is elected to go to see the Russian revolution. He does not manage to cross the border, but he traverses Italy where he meets Malatesta, Armando Borghi, Luigi Fabbri.

192?: Direct Solidaridad Obrera to Valencia, during the prohibition of publication in Barcelona.

192?: During the dictatorship of Firstly of Will rivet, it will live in Perpignan as taxi driver, & will warn the young anarchists who took part in the events of Vera del Bidasoa of the trap, without result.

1930: Writer of Solidaridad Obrera, in Barcelona. It does not like the not exiled Argentinian ones of DRILLED, like Marianet, which it calls the totxo.

1933: It tries to stop or calm the exaltés young people authors of the events of January & December of this year.

193?: It is expelled of Solidaridad Obrera by its Director “Guajiro” (Manual Villar).

1939: Exile yourself in Mexico.

19??: Dies in exile.

Author of: Reconstrucion de España.

 

CARO Antonio

Born in Carmona?

1921: attend like deputy a Plenum of anarchistic groups deciding their integration within the CNT.

 

 

CARRION Juan S.

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the Andalusian area.

 

CARRAQUER Francisco

 

CARRENO Francisco

1944: Elected official secretary general of the national committee of the CNT to the congress of Low wall in March.

 

Bruno WILL SQUARE

Born with

1919: Delegated to the National Congress?

 

CASADO Mariano (1917-1937)

Born in Madrid

Mason

It militates with the Athenaeum of Were windy

1936: The first days of the war, it leaves in Sigüenza & is wounded itself by forcing the door of the episcopate of the city.

1936: It joined the Madrid group of the Durruti Column in Madrid.

1937: It dies in Barcelona, at the time of the events of May, of a grenade launched against its tank, with five others of the Madrid Group.

 

CASARRAMONA Ramon

Born with

1932: To protest against the deportation in Africa of 104 libertarians on the boat “Buenos Aires”, of the strikes & revolts were made day on all Spain. In Tarrasa, the CNT took by storm the town hall & resisted, weapons with the hand, until the arrival of the army. It was proceeded to the imprisonment of some participants, of which Ramon.

 

CASCALES LOPEZ Antonio (1897-1993)

1897: born in Jabali-nuevo (Murcia) Spain on September 27.

Of working-class family (her father mason east fears by the authorities & drove out civil Guardia of its village), it emigrates in Madrid, only, at the 13 years age when it works as gardener then mason; it is responsible in trade union UGT at 15 years.

1910: it adheres to the CNT & takes part in its creation, where it is several times treasurer & “raiser funds” of the trade union of construction. It melts the Athenaeum of Were windy.

1936: During the war he is the person in charge elected by the CNT to stop the purification & the arbitrary executions started with the civil guard with the orders of the Communist Party. He is then assistant of the mayor of Canillas where he is charged with the supply. He takes part in the service of information of the CNT.

1939: With Cipriano Mera, at the extreme end of the war in Madrid, it fights against the takeover by communist force.

1940: Condemned to died by the fascists, it will spend 7 years in prison.

1947: it leaves prison to the favour of a general amnesty. Mason, then commercial from coal, it will pass the remainder of his life to Ventas (Madrid) under Franco.

1965: It takes part, however, with Cipriano Mera with the congress of reunification of the CNT in Montpellier.

1993: It dies in Alcala de Henares on May 12.

 

CASTELLS Pablo

Born with

1932: To protest against the deportation in Africa of 104 libertarians on the boat “Buenos Aires”, of the strikes & revolts were made day on all Spain. In Tarrasa, the CNT took by storm the town hall & resisted, weapons with the hand, until the arrival of the army. It was proceeded to the imprisonment of some participants, of which Pablo

 

CASTILLO Jose (… - 1919)

Born with

1919: Old of the national Committee, it is assassinated by the pistoleros of Brabo Portillo on Friday July 18, which were made pass for police officers.

 

CATALA Sigfrido ()

Born with

 

Secretary of the National Committee of the CNT.

It is stopped on December 25, 1944 in Madrid, with all the Committee, thanks to the balance Luis Alfaro (see Facerias of A. Tellez p. 20 with the CAD).

 

CEJUELA Jesus

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of Aragon.

 

CELMA Miguel (“Orthodoxe”)

 

CERRADA SANTOS Laureano

Take part in the attack counters Franco with Ortiz with San Sebastien.

1951: it is mixed with the flight with the postal & telecommunications authorities with Lyon.

 

CHACON Jose

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the Andalusian area.

 

CHECA CUARTERO Miguel ()

Born with

1944: Between the 3 & on October 15, it is elected with the secretariat of Propaganda in the new Committee, whose first “public” meeting of the MLE is celebrated in Toulouse.

1945: It is elected with the secretariat of CN of the MLE of the exile at the station of Alliances & policy, then with the economy after the resignation of Jeronimo Rodriguez.

 

CHUECA Miguel

1944: In October, it is elected at the national committee of the CNT in Toulouse.

 

Marine CIVERA

Born with

Writer with Orto & Cuadernos de Cultura of Valencia. It joined the Party Sindicalista de Angel Pestaña.

1931: It publishes the book El Sindicalismo.

 

CLARA Sebastian

Born with

1919: Delegated to the National Congress?

1930: Writer with Solidaridad Obrera.

1931: In August, he is signatory of Proclamation from the “thirty”.

 

 

CONSTANTI Ramon

Born with

 

“the CORTES Novel” of Name Armonio BITCHY GIRLS

Born with

Journalist

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of the Levante.

 

CORD

Born with

Poet.

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the Andalusian area.

1936: It is shot by the troops of Queipo de Llano in Seville.

 

CORTADA Roldan

Born with

1931: In August, he is signatory of Proclamation from the “thirty”.

 

The CORTES Joaquin

Born with

1931: In August, he is signatory of Proclamation from the “thirty”.

 

COTELO

1937: Person in charge for Tierra y Libertad Barcelona.

 

CRISTIA Jose

Born with

1931: August, signatory of Proclamation from the “thirty”.

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/Biographies/biograC.htm

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/

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orange diamond dingbat; new entry, remove 2008

 

Dictionnaire Biographique B

(google translations from the French; see the online cite for French versions, from Le Centre Ascaso-Durruti http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/ )

BADIA Delfin

Born with

1932: To protest against the deportation in Africa of 104 libertarians on the boat “Buenos Aires”, of the strikes & revolts were made day on all Spain. In Tarrasa, the CNT took by storm the town hall & resisted, the weapons with the hand, until the arrival of the army. It was proceeded to the imprisonment of some participants, of which Delfin.

 

BAELLA Jaime says Modesto Llanos (….- 1937)

Born with

1923: Taken refuge in Cuba under the dictatorship of Firstly of Will rivet, it forms a group with Fidel Miro y Esteban Pallarols.

1930: Expelled of Cuba by the dictator Gerardo Machado, it joined in Spain the movement trentist directed by Angel Pestaña.

1937: Shot in Galicia by the troops of Free.

 

BAEZA DELGADO Juan (….- 1939)

Born with

1939: taken by the brigade of police force anti-Marxist with a group of 35 clandestine combatants, it is shot on September 11.

 

BAJATIERRA Mauro

Born with

Journalist

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area Centers (Castilles).

1936:

1939: it dies while being defended vis-a-vis the fascists who came to seek it at his place in Madrid.

 

BALLANO Adolfo

Born with

Journalist

1919: Delegated to the National Congress.

 

BALLESTER Vicente (1903-1936)

1903: Born in Cadiz

Militate in the trade union of Wood

Militate very young person in the anarchistic clandestine groups.

1920: it integrates the group “Salvoechea” with Jose BANAT.

1921: In full period of great repression, it attends like deputy with a Plenum of the anarchistic groups El Arahal, to decide on their incorporation within the CNT. He was a secretary of his trade union.

1923: At the time of the dictatorship of Firstly of Will rivet, it is maintained at its station in clandestinity, & will write articles in newspapers or reviews like: Solidaridad Obrera de Gijon, Social Accion Obrera de San Feliu de Guixols, Despertad de Vigo, Redacción de Alcoy.

1930: With the Plenum of trade unions of Seville, it represented several trade unions of its area.

1932: it takes part in a propaganda campaign in Andalusia, & after the strike known as of bent mayo, it is elected Secrétaire of the regional Committee of Andalusia & Extremadure.

1933: With the Plenum of the areas of Madrid, it is decided to create newspaper CNT in Madrid, from which it will be with Perez Cordon the correspondent for Andalusia.

1934: It is stopped, following the insurrection of October in Asturies, & will be disappointed internal dissensions.

1935: it militates for pact UGT-CNT.

1936: At the beginning of year, it takes part in a meeting in Barcelona where it is asked to him whether it wants to be elected well as Secrétaire of the National Committee, but the events will prevent some. In February, the monarchists propose money to him or death, so that the CNT does not vote, it with what it refuses, but seeing the line being delighted by the voices obtained in Cadiz, it will make vote at the end of the poll the workmen, which will change the result. In May, it holds a meeting in Cadiz with Largo Caballero for the UGT.

1936: Delegated of Cadiz to the Congress of Saragossa.

1936: During rising, it resists the weapons the hand & must hide in the district of Santa Maria where, denounced, it is shot by the hordes of Queipo de Llano.

 

BANAT Jose

Born in Cadiz

 

“BORED” (1912-1937)

Born in Madrid

Mason

It belongs to the Athenaeum of Were windy

1936: Leaves Madrid with a group to join Durruti on the Face of Aragon & form with others in the same case, the group “Madrid” which will fight in Pina de Ebro & will release Madrid on November 14.

1937: It dies in Barcelona at the time of the events of May, of a grenade launched against its tank, with five others of the Madrid Group.

 

BARRIOBERO Pedro

Lawyer of the CNT

 

Fortunate BARTHE of its name Nicolas BARRABES (1885-1962)

1885: Born in Aragon

journalist

He writes in the newspaper Tierra y Libertad.

1919: Delegated to the National Congress. 

1922: After the assassination of Segui, it is opposed to Joaquin Maurin (who excluded, will create the POUM) so that the CNT does not become Bolchevique.

1945: In exile, he writes under the pseudonym of Fulgencio Martinez

1962: Dies.

 

 

BARTOLOME Acracio

Born in Gijon.

 

BATET Maria

 

BERBEGAL Daniel

Born with

Delegated Regional Committee of Barcelona.

 

BERTRAN Jose

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the Catalan area.

 

BERRUEZO SILVENTE Jose (known as Clarin)

1895: Born in Murcia

1934/36: Correspondent of Solidaridad Obrera in Barcelona.

1939: Exiled in France.

1943: Member of the secretariat to the Relations, elected official with the Plenum of Mauriac (Cantal) on June 6. Militate in the Cantal, it is one of the initiators of the congress cenetist of Marseilles in December.

1967: Joined the political CNT.

Bibliography: he is the author of “Contribucion to the historia of the CNT of España in el exilio”

Editores Mejicanos Unidos, Mexico City.

 

BLANES Juan

Born with

1932: To protest against the deportation in Africa of 104 libertarians on the boat “Buenos Aires”, of the strikes & revolts were made day on all Spain. In Tarrasa the CNT took by storm the town hall & resisted, weapons with the hand, until the arrival of the army. It was proceeded to the imprisonment of some participants, of which Juan.

 

BOAL Evelio

Born in Valladolid

Typographer

Before 1919 he is a secretary of the National Committee of the CNT.

192?: he dies assassinated by the pistoleros of the owners & the complicity of the police force which used the too famous “Ley de Fuga”, (hit & run offence).

 

BORRAS Jose

1916: born in Monerio (Saragossa)

Farm laborer it militates with the CNT.

1936: it joined the Durruti column, then deals with communities of Aragon.

1939: exiled in France, it passes by the camps of Vernet & Septfonds, works as farmer in Ariège & takes part in the clandestine passing towards Spain with the Ponzon group. Secretary of the FIJL, it works as workman logger & house painter. He will be a director of Ruta & Nueva Senda, he will write Politicas of los exiliados Españoles 1944-1950.

 

BOU Ramon

Born with

1936: Writer with Acracia de Lerida

 

BROTO VILLEGAS César ()

Born with

1936: secretary of the Committee of Lerida.

1945: Secretary of the National Committee of the interior, decree in Barcelona in October with 30 other trade unionists.

 

Manual BUENACASA (1886-1964)

1886 Born in Caspe on July 7

Cabinetmaker

1893: begin its elementary studies.

1900: Enter to the seminar franciscain of Villanueva del Ariscal (Seville).

1905: Announce with the franciscains its abandonment studies of seminarist because it does not believe in a God.

1906: Fixes themselves in Saragossa & learns the trade from carpenter cabinetmaker, trade which it will exert until the end of his days. It is registered at the “Working Company” & y is elected secretary of the first assembly.

1910: It assumes the direction of the periodical “Cultura y Accion”.

1911: Marie with Sargasse on September 11 with Simona Perez & must flee the same day of her marriage continued by the police force. It takes refuge in Lourdes (France) where his wife joined it.

1911: It goes on a journey to London where it becomes acquainted with E. Malatesta.

1914 Amnestied, it returns to Spain.

1915: It takes refuge again in France.

1916: Travel to Lausanne where it has a discussion with Lenine & Zinovieff.

1918: Determined to return to Spain, it is stopped at the border & remains in the prisons of San Sebastian, Gijon, Saragossa, Madrid, & Without (Barcelona).

1918: It finds freedom & can take part in time that deputy of the trade union of Wood in the regional Congress of Without.

1918: It is elected secretary at the national Committee of the CNT, & takes part in a propaganda campaign in Andalusia & Valencia, but it is stopped & cannot finish the countryside.

1919: As Secretary of the national Committee, it organizes the behaviour in Madrid of the Congress of Comedia where it takes a very active share.

1921: Again takes again the direction of the periodical Cultura y Accion, body of the federations of Aragon, Asturies & Navarre.

1923: Under Primo of Will rivet, it will not stop conspiring against the dictatorship.

1925: Publish & directs the review El Productor in Blanes (Barcelona).

1926: Continued, it takes refuge in Paris.

1928: Return in Spain.

1929: Return in France.

1930: The French authorities expel it & it turns over to Spain.

1936: Accompanied by his/her son Antonio, & other workmen it takes part in the fights of July 19 in Barcelona from where it will leave with his son for the face Aragon.

1937: Heroic death of his/her son Antonio on the face of Aragon (it has a Blanca girl born in 1923)

1939: It leaves for France where it is interned in concentration camps.

1941: Stopped by the Gendarmerie, it is led to Mornat (dept. from the Rhone) where it undergoes maltreatments & vexations which will start its health.

1943: It can settle in Valence (dept. of the Drome) where it takes part in resistance against the Germans & initiates the reorganization of the CNT in exile. It is one of the initiators of the congress cenetist of Marseilles of December. Take part in all the life of the CNT in exile until its death.

1964: It dies on November 6 with Bourg the Valences.

Author of: the politica y los obreros 1910: Countered will guerra it 1915: What be el sindicato unico? 1909: Autonomia y federalismo 1920: Extractos comentados of will obra of Pelloutier, Histoire of the labor markets: El terrorismo blanco 1922: Problemas fundamentales 1928: El movimiento obrero Español, historia y critica 1886-1928: The CNT los Treinta there the FAI 1933. After its death will be published by friends: Appeared ejemplares that conoci 1966.

 

BURGOS Miguel (….- 1919)

Born in Barcelona

1919: Secretary of the trade union of the tanners; he will be killed at his place by the police force while trying to flee.

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/Biographies/biograC.htm

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/

--
orange diamond dingbat; new entry, remove 2008

 

Dictionnaire Biographique A

(google translations from the French; see the online cite for French versions, from Le Centre Ascaso-Durruti http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/ )
P>ABAD OF SANTILLAN Diego (1887-1983) of its true name: Sinesio Garcia

1897: Born in the province from Leon, Spain, in a poor family which emigrates in Argentina.

1913: Returns to Spain

1917: Graduate with Leon, studying with the faculty of letters & philosophy of Madrid, it takes part in the general strike & is imprisoned.

1918: Amnestied

1919: Emigrant in Argentina. Journalist & libertarian militant it leaves for Germany where it is corresponding of “Protested” re-examined Argentinian.

1922: It is one of the founders of HAS. Reside in Argentina until the assassination of the writer of Protesta by Italian anarcogansters, from which itself will escape from little.

1930: returns to Europe, driven out of Paraguay by the coup d'etat of the Uriburu general.

1931: Return in Spain, takes part in the extraordinary Congress of the CNT. Turn over to Argentina to support the victims of repression.

1934: of return in Barcelona it directs Tierra y Libertad, & written in Solidaridad Obrera

1936: Directing CNT-FAI at the beginning of the civil war it takes part in the government of the General information of Catalonia like advising with the economy.

1937: Takes its distances after the events of May.

1939: takes refuge in France then in Argentina.

1975: it returns to Spain before the death of Free.

It dies in 1983.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: 10 titles with the CAD of which its memories. (N° 239) He is also the translator of Rudolf Rocker in Spanish.

Video n°46 of the CAD film carried out by his/her son.

 

ALBEROLA Jose

1896: Born in Mexico

Professor, it melts, with the support of the CNT, the many rationalist schools to the image of that of the modern school Francisco Ferrer y Guardia. Polemist & known lecturer, treasurer of Solidaridad Obrera in Barcelona & writer with Peirats & Felipe Alaiz of the review Etica de Lerida, it is opposed to the entry of the CNT to the Government.

1939: It is exiled in Mexico,

1967: it will be assassinated the 1° May in Mexico City whereas his/her son is in France in clandestinity within the DI

 

ALBEROLA Octavio

 

ALBESA Batista ()

Born with

1943: To thwart the elected Committee of “Yellow” (known as: Collaborationnists) he becomes the secretary of the Committee (Orthodoxe) of Béziers.

1944: Organize with the agreement of the Committee of “Juanel” the Plenum of fusion of Low wall (the High Garonne)

 

ACED

1936: Secretary of the Regional Committee of libertarian youths, it is stopped & tortured, it reveals the date & the place a clandestine meeting of F where more than 100 people Peirats & Carballeira Angel will thus be held.

 

ACIN Ramon

Born with

Professor with the Institute of Huesca

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of Aragon

With influenced Francisco Ponzan.

1936: Shot by the fascists with Huesca.

 

ALAIZ Felipe (1887-1959)

1887: born on May 23 in Belver de Cinca Huesca

Journalist

Wire of soldier to the retirement, it will make its studies with Lerida & Huesca with Ramon Acin. Director during two years of the revista of Aragon, writer with El ground of Madrid, heraldo of Aragon, Revista Blanca, Solidaridad Obrera of Valencia & Sevilla, like in Dia Grafico

1918: arrive to Barcelona, or it publishes with Hermoso Playa the Vertice review, & with Torres Tribo, the Voluntad review in Sarragosse, then it integrates the drafting of Solidaridad Obrera of Valencia & of return in Barcelona it publishes with Antonio Garcia the revista Nueva.

1925: In prison in Barcelona, he writes the prologue of the book of Peiro, Trayectoria of the CNT

1929/30: director of Tierra y Libertad,

1932/33: director of Solidaridad Obrera of Barcelona

1934/35: writer with Solidaridad Obrera of Barcelona

1939: in exile in France it will live in Paris & in several cities of the South of France.

1943: With the Plenum of Mauriac (Cantal) it is charged to write a “Ponencia” on the future of the Libertarian Movement in company of “Juanel”, text which will be read with the Plenum of Tourniac (Cantal) & which will give place to divisions of the Libertarian Movement.

1959: Died on April 8 in Paris

Author of news & many works of anarchistic disclosure, like Hacia the federacion of autonomias Ibericas. Translator with French & the Catalan of various works.

 

ALDECOA Carmen

Born with

1957: it writes in Mexico LED to feel y Pensar & quotes Higinio Noja Ruiz. & others.

 

ALFARACHE Progreso

Born with

Journalist

1931: He is signatory in August of Proclamation from the “thirty”

1939: Decree & condemned to 30 years of prison, it remains with the prison of Talavera of Reina.

1945: It is delegated by the CNT collaborationnist of the interior as secretary near the public Minister for labor in the republican government in exile of Jose Gira to Mexico.

He is a director of Comunidad Iberica in this country even.

He dies in Mexico

 

 

 

ALIAGA Sérafin (1915-…)

Born in Alicante

1939: it takes refuge in France. Member of the Council General of the MLE, it passes to the Communist Party after having wanted to represent the FIJL; he writes articles against his former friends qualify them sold the, loose ones & robbers.

 

ALMEREYDA

Born with

It is compromised in the attack against Alfonso XIII in France.

 

ALVAREZ PALOMO Ramon (1913- .....)

1913: Born in Gijon on March 7

1945: On April 14, it speaks with the meeting of birthday of the Republic.

1945: As vice-secretary of CN of the CNT in exile (collaborationnist) it sends a mail on November 1, 1945 to CN CNT-MLE of the exile (Orthodoxe) where it announces his dissolution & joined the CNT of the interior; this letter is the starting point of the scission of the Spanish Libertarian Movement. Thereafter it will very vigorously tackle the “orthodoxe” tendency directed by Montseny & Esgleas.

1982: He is the author of “Historia will negra of una crisis libertaria” Editores Mexicanos Unidos, S.A, he milked there scission of the CNT in France.

 

AMADOR Antonio

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the Catalan area

 

Manual AMIL ()

Born with

Secretary of the National committee of the CNT of the interior in 1944.

 

Manual ANGUIANO

Born with

Peasant

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of rioja

197?: Died before 1971

 

ANTONA David

Born with

 

APOLO Antonio

Born with

 

ARAGON Jaime

Born with

journalist

1919: Delegated to the National Congress

 

ARANS Juan

Born with

1932: Create the Federation of peasants of Catalonia the 7/9 from September in Villafranca del Penedes

1933: Delegated to the Plenum of trade unions of the Catalan area of Calle Cabañes, March

 

ARCHS Ramon

Born with

1921: Instigator of the assassination of Dato, President of the Council of Ministers, on March 8

1921: Prisoner & tortured by Arlegui, it is assassinated of a shooting of revolver.

 

Jesus ARENAS

1919: Delegated to the National Congress

 

“ARIN” Francisco its Name Francisco Martinez

Born with

1931: He is signatory in August of Proclamation from the “thirty”.

1936: It is shot by the troops of Queipo de Llano in Seville.

 

ASCASO Alejandro

Born with

Brother of Francisco Ascaso

 

ASCASO Francisco

1934: Writer with Solidaridad Obrera, it makes very noticed articles.

1936: Secretary at the Regional Committee of Barcelona, it resigns after having asked for the stop of the revolutionary strike of Asturies.

1936: It dies of a ball in the face drawn since Cuartel de Atarazanas in Barcelona.

 

ASCASO Joaquin

Born with

Cousin of Francisco

1936: President of the Regional Council of Aragon.

1977: Dies insane in Caracas on April 12.

 

ASENS Jose ()

Born with

1943: Member of the secretariat to the Relations, elected official with the Plenum of Mauriac (Cantal) on June 6.

 

“ASTURIANO” (-1937)

Born in Madrid

Mason

Athenaeum of Were windy

1936: Leaves Madrid with a group to join Durruti on the Face of Aragon & form with others in the same case, the group “Madrid” which will fight in Pina de Ebro & will release Madrid on November 14. It will be wounded in the combat of Casa Velazquez.

1937: It dies in Barcelona at the time of the events of May, of a grenade launched against its tank, with five others of the Madrid Group.

 

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/Biographies/biograC.htm

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/

--
orange diamond dingbat; new entry, remove 2008

 

Dictionnaire Biographique D

(google translations from the French; see the online cite for French versions, from Le Centre Ascaso-Durruti http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/ )

 

MORAL DIAZ LED

Born with

Notable Andalusian, it carries out fights with the peasants.

 

DIEZ Galo

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the Northern area, it is present in Berlin during creation of HAS.

1922: Delegated for Asturies to the Plenum of June 11 in Saragossa.

It dies at the time of a banal accident.

 

DIEZ Paulino Says Juan ESPOSITO

Born with

1919: Delegated to the National Congress.

 

DINARES Juan

Born with

1931: In August, he is signatory of Proclamation from the “thirty”.

 

 

DOMENECH Jose Juan ()

Born with

1936: Secretary of the Local Federation of Barcelona of the trade unions, then secretary of the regional Committee.

1947: Secretary of under-CN of the CNT (collaborationnist) of the exile.

 

DOMINGO Antonio

Born with

1919: Delegated to the national Congress for the area of Aragon.

 

DURRUTI Buenaventura (1896-1936)

1896: Born in Leon on July 14.

Mechanic of engines.

1911: A 14 years, it works in metallurgical workshops, then thanks to his/her father, it enters to the workshops of the railroad as mechanic.

1917: At the end of a strike directed by UGT to which it belongs, it is excluded from the trade union for acts of vandalism, which is equivalent to a denunciation. To avoid the imprisonment, it must flee in Paris where it works as mechanic.

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/Biographies/biograC.htm

http://ascaso-durruti.chez-alice.fr/

3 -- From: "Bill" 7/12/99 12:38 PM Although I am, as previously noted, resting on my laurels, I still think something you didn't want to happen did happen in today's web version of the Bleed. Raoul Hausmann & Bucky Fuller overlap. The lower left corner of Haussman is buried under the upper right corner of Fuller. It saves space, but my guessis that you didn'twant to conserve quiote that much or that way. & the miners in Bisbee block out the first sixteen lines of the item they are supposed to illustrate. The textnow reads as follows: 1 - - 3 S & Y O T A W P d o v [igilante is half covered by the photo] deportation of miners at Bisbee . . . Something got loose. Thought you'd like to know, or if you wouldn't like it, that you should know regardless.


1284 -- & Gone?: Death of Sturla Thordsson, Law Man, & Skald. check what day this goes in the bleed JULY 31st??


1892 -- CHECK & INCORPORATE DATES WHERE USEABLE, OR AS CONFIRMATION/SOURCE MATERIAL THE DATES:

Uomo politico (Barletta 1846 - Nocera Inferiore 1892). Rampollo della nobile famiglia dei marchesi Cafiero, ricchi latifondisti pugliesi, dopo aver conseguito a Napoli la laurea in giurisprudenza, fu addetto d'ambasciata nella legazione italiana in Belgio. Disilluso tuttavia dagli ambienti politico-diplomatici, abbandonò la pur promettente carriera nel 1865 intraprendendo numerosi viaggi in Europa: nel 1867 incominciò a frequentare i circoli rivoluzionari parigini e strinse a Londra con Marx ed Engels dei rapporti che avrebbero conservato per lui tracce durature. Acceso di entusiasmo, Cafiero divenne ben presto propagandista della Prima Internazionale nell'Italia meridionale. Recatosi a Napoli nel 1871, riorganizzò la sezione napoletana dell'internazionale e collaborò ai nove numeri del settimanale d'ispirazione bakuniniana "La Campana", uscito con il sottotitolo "Risorgimento della plebe" dal 7 GENNAIO / JANUARY al 10.3.1872. Nell'agosto 1872 presiedette la conferenza di Rimini (Primo congresso della federazione italiana dell'associazione internazionale dei lavoratori) che sancì la prevalenza della tendenza antiautoritaria rispetto a quello che, nel fervore delle polemiche, era stato definito il "comunismo autoritario tedesco" formulato da Marx. Era ormai in fase di maturazione l'orientamento verso l'anarchismo di Cafiero, che si era anzi recato in Svizzera, allo scopo specifico di conoscere personalmente Bakunin. La personalità del grande agitatore russo esercitò su Cafiero un profondo fascino: con Andrea Costa ed Errico Malatesta, egli divenne uno dei principali esponenti delle idee libertarie, nella prima epoca di sviluppo del socialismo italiano, pronunciandosi a favore della "propaganda del fatto", dell'azione diretta, cioè, esplicantesi sul piano insurrezionale o della pratica terroristica anche individuale. Assolutamente disinteressato e proteso alle esigenze della lotta di classe allora particolarmente violenta, Cafiero procedette in pari tempo, dopo la morte dei genitori da cui aveva tra l'altro ereditato ca. 200 ha di fertili poderi, alla liquidazione totale del suo patrimonio devolvendolo alla propaganda rivoluzionaria e al soggiorno di Bakunin in Italia: fu anzi proprio l'uso piuttosto disordinato fattone dal rivoluzionario russo e dai suoi amici che incrinò i loro rapporti nei pochi anni che precedettero la sua morte, avvenuta nel 1876. Implicato nei fatti insurrezionali del 1874, Cafiero fu prosciolto l'anno seguente per insufficienza di indizi. Ma la sua teorizzazione di "un prossimo futuro movimento a base di bande armate" doveva trovare, nell'incandescente situazione sociale seguita all'unificazione del Sud, applicazioni immediate seppur effimere: insieme col Malatesta, Cafiero ebbe funzione preminente nell'insurrezione del Matese, nell'aprile 1877, costituendo la cosiddetta "banda di San Lupo" e subendo in conseguenza ca. 17 mesi di carcere preventivo; soltanto il 25 Agosto 1878 un verdetto assolutorio gli restituiva, in precarie condizioni di salute, la libertà. Appunto durante la prigionia, egli elaborò il suo famoso e fortunato compendio del primo volume del Capitale apprezzato dallo stesso Marx e pubblicato dal Bignami nel 1879. Dopo la scarcerazione trascorse un periodo all'estero, riavvicinandosi al Costa che aveva frattanto abbandonato il movimento anarchico; del resto, il lavoro del Compendio aveva segnato anche per Cafiero l'inizio di un graduale, e assai travagliato, ritorno al marxismo. Nel 1883 la sua fibra già minata da lotte e persecuzioni cedette nella crisi inguaribile dell'infermità mentale; ricoverato per vari anni nel manicomio fiorentino di S. Bonifacio, fu poi inutilmente trasportato nella sua terra natia ed infine morì nel manicomio di Nocera Inferiore. INDIETRO President to the anarchical conference of Rimini,
http://www.cronologia.it/storia/biografie/cafiero.htm http://www.brigantaggio.net/Brigantaggio/Storia/Cafiero-Malatesta.htm#b


1907 -- US: Anarchist "firebrand" Emma Goldman spends the day with "the Little Anarchist", picking & putting up 25 quarts of blackberries. http://www.jwa.org/exhibits/wov/goldman/egart.html
http://www.jwa.org/archive/goldman/egfire3.jpg

?
1912 -- Santibáñez, Lazaro Gutiérrez de Lara, Prudencio Casals, Luis Méndez & Pioquinto RoIdán (34). Several of affiliated his separated when tying with Antonio I. Villarreal in their attempts to also create the National Confederation of Workers & because of the activities made by the Reorganizadora Meeting of the Liberal Party. due to which an important group of them escindió, letting attend the meetings of this party. If of in case the number of affiliated with the Socialist Party distaba much of being numerous, with this division was practically annulled. Some intellectuals of the time who considered Socialists did not let do escarnio of him. It is the case of Rafael Perez Taylor, who assured that: the practical & experimental application (of this party) was reduced to a few individuals that we could define with the name of soñadores of the socialism, as well as is poets, philosophers, cronistas, romantic, etc. (35). Santibáñez, Lázaro Gutiérrez de Lara, Prudencio Casals, Luis Méndez y Pioquinto RoIdán (34). Varios de sus afiliados se separaron al vincularse con Antonio I. Villarreal en sus intentos por crear la Confederación Nacional de Trabajadores y también a causa de las actividades realizadas por la Junta Reorganizadora del Partido Liberal. Al parecer, la composición interna del Partido Socialista no era del todo homogénea, pues al celebrar una conferencia el 23 de junio de 1912 surgieron divergencias ideológicas debido a lo cual un grupo importante de ellos se escindió, dejando de asistir a las reuniones de dicho partido. Si de por sí el número de afiliados al Partido Socialista distaba mucho de ser numeroso, con esta división quedó prácticamente anulado. Algunos intelectuales de la época que se consideraban socialistas no dejaron de hacer escarnio de él. Es el caso de Rafael Pérez Taylor, quien aseguraba que: la aplicación práctica y experimental (de dicho partido) estaba reducida a unos cuantos individuos que podríamos definir con el nombre de soñadores del socialismo, así como hay poetas, filósofos, cronistas, románticos, etc. (35). Esta división inspiró e impulsó a los idealistas de corte anarquista a formar su propio grupo, lo que llevaron a cabo el domingo 30 de julio, después de reunirse y tomar esta decisión Eloy Armenta, Luis Méndez, Juan Francisco Moncaleano, Jacinto Huitrón, Pioquinto Roldán, Rodolfo Ramírez, J. Trinidad Juárez y Fernando González. Es así como con esta fecha se dio origen al grupo anarquista Luz. http://www.antorcha.net/biblioteca_virtual/historia/com/casaobreromundial.html
Like the group of Amadeo Ferrés, the members of the Group Light also gave to more importance to the diffusion of their doctrine that to the practice of this one through suitable organizations, although their members had already acquired certain experience within other groupings, but - & this is the important thing to that he was one of the more direct receiving groups of the anarchism spread by the Mexican Liberal Party, because in its trajectory had to confront itself with numerous magonistas veterans, like were it Lazaro Gutiérrez de Lara, Manuel Sarabia, Antonio I. Villarreal, Santiago R. of Vega & Antonio Diaz Soto & Gama, who although distanced of Ricardo Flores Magón for those dates - 1912- principles, continued making activities directed to the organization of the workers.

// Al igual que el grupo de Amadeo Ferrés, los integrantes del Grupo Luz dieron más importancia a la difusión de su doctrina que a la práctica de ésta a través de organizaciones adecuadas, a pesar de que sus integrantes habían ya adquirido cierta experiencia dentro de otras agrupaciones, pero también -y esto es lo importante- a que fue uno de los grupos receptores más directos del anarquismo difundido por el Partido Liberal Mexicano, pues en su trayectoria tuvo que confrontarse con numerosos veteranos magonistas, como lo eran Lázaro Gutiérrez de Lara, Manuel Sarabia, Antonio I. Villarreal, Santiago R. de la Vega y Antonio Díaz Soto y Gama, que aunque distanciados de Ricardo Flores Magón para esas fechas -principios de 1912-, continuaban realizando actividades encaminadas a la organización de los trabajadores.

1920 -- Health Companion, the truth is that I do not know much of ingles reason why I have of responderte in Spanish, I hope that me entiendias. The date of the facts was the 27 of 1920 July, & happened the that tragic day was the fire of the FOM (Working Federation of Magallanes), prvocado by the military & white guard (policia deprived of the bourgeoisie in that epoca). The photos correspond to other facts, because the union movement in patagonia, already had been time before this massacre. good, of very brief form I respond your question. I hope that them he has been util. Thanks for the Link

Health,

love & Freedom. In Punta Arenas , the extreme south of our country , the FOM , of a strong ... same year that in the Argentine Patagonia the FORA workers were massacred . ... Federación Obrera de Magallanes, Signatories to Labour Agreement ... Despite formal negotiations, such as the one featured below, there was further bloodshed in July 1920, when the FOM headquarters in Punta Arenas was ... Federación Obrera de Magallanes (F.O.M.), founded 1911 [Workers' Federation of Magallanes] In the period immediately following World War I, relations between capital & labour were strained throughout the whole of Southern Patagonia. For instance, in Chile, there was a confrontation at the Puerto Bories freezing works during January 1919, with 8 fatalities: thanks to the intervention of the Red Cross, worse was averted. Despite formal negotiations, such as the one featured below, there was further bloodshed in July 1920, when the F.O.M. headquarters in Punta Arenas was attacked & burnt, with the loss of another 5 lives. The consequences of this labour unrest for Argentine Patagonia were far more profound. The strikes of 1921-22 were brutally repressed by an army detachment: it is estimated that upwards of 1,000 rural workers were executed. The ranchers applauded the return of "law & order", & a veil of silence was drawn over these events. In recent years, they have been documented & analyzed more openly: such as in the four-volume work by Osvaldo Bayer, "Patagonia Rebelde". Labour Agreement for Rural Workers, signed November 1919 http://patbrit.org/bil/ranchers/obnames.htm
See Source: "La Masacre en la Federación Obrera de Magallanes", Carlos Vega Delgado, Punta Arenas, 2002

1937 -- The lesson which the collectives have left behind them, however, is a stimulating one. In 1938 Emma Goldman was inspired to praise them thus: "The collectivization of land & industry shines out as the greatest achievement of any revolutionary period. Even if Franco were to win & the Spanish anarchists were to be exterminated, the idea they have launched will live on." On July 21, 1937, Federica Montseny made a speech in Barcelona in which she clearly posed the alternatives: "On the one hand, the supporters of authority & the totalitarian State, of a state-directed economy, of a form of social organization which militarizes all men & converts the State into one huge employer, one huge entrepreneur; on the other hand, the operation of mines, fields, factories & workshops, by the working class itself, organized in trade-union federations." This was the dilemma of the Spanish Revolution, but in the near future it may become that of socialism the world over. http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/1931/guerin/AnSpain.html


1947 -- (11) Eliseo Melis Diaz (old militant anarchist who by you compel police officers had turned informer) In 1947 knowing itself already with fehacientes tests that Eliseo Melis Diaz was informers of the police, the CNT of exile decides to eliminate it & for it they are commissioners Even Manuel, Antonio Gil Oliver & others. These enter Spain by Prats de Molló & have a first confrontation with the Civil Guard in Sant Pau de Seguries. The elimination of Melis took place the 12 of July of the 47 & the events took place in the seat of Buensuceso of Barcelona where they had been mentioned, with his struggles & excursions they arrived until the C/Montalegre nº 3 where Melis attempt to take refuge in a vestibule, nevertheless Even I reach to him & Gil finished off it, being left wounded Manuel Even, dying to the four hours in the hospital of San Pablo. Eliseo Melis Díaz (viejo militante anarquista que por coacciones policiales se había convertido en confidente) En 1947 conociéndose ya con pruebas fehacientes que Eliseo Melis Díaz era un confidentes de la policía, la CNT del exilio decide eliminarlo y para ello son comisionados Manuel Pareja, Antonio Gil Oliver y otros. Estos entran a España por Prats de Molló y tienen un primer enfrentamiento con la Guardia Civil en Sant Pau de Seguries. La eliminación de Melis se produjo el 12 de julio del 47 y los sucesos se produjeron en la plaza de Buensuceso de Barcelona donde se habían citado, con sus forcejeos y correrías llegaron hasta la C/Montalegre nº 3 donde Melis intento refugiarse en un portal, sin embargo Pareja le alcanzo y Gil lo remató, quedando herido Manuel Pareja, muriendo a las cuatro horas en el hospital de San Pablo. http://www.manelaisa.com/texto/Articulos/PagArticulos20.htm


1954 -- UPDATE Russell Blackwell Date: Fri, 31 May 2002 18:12:42 -0500 From: "Manet on Eighth" To: May 31, 2002 Mr Brown: Hello, I am Russell Blackwell's granddaughter. I was very excited to see his name mentioned on this web-site. My dad has some information about him from newspaper clippings, stories, etc, but I am very interested in learning more about his life. Do you know of any books that mention him? I found out he published letters & documents of the POUM, your friend Ellington & others, & I know he was a cartographer, among other things. What did he publish under his pen-name Negrete? Can I find these publications? I would greatly appreciate any leads you have. Thank you. Rachel Blackwell


1958 -- Short history of the International of Anarchist Federations (IAF ... ... which was hold in London (between July 25 & August 1, 1958 ... The comrades, who met at the London congress, agreed that "The anarchist International had for ... flag.blackened.net/liberty/ifa-hist-short.html - 8k - Cached - Similar pages flag.blackened.net/liberty/ifa-hist-short.html


1974 -- THIS CONTINUES FROM THE ENTRY IN BLEED THIS DATE:

gallery UPDATE WAR THAT WON'T DIE article continues: A period of 40-odd years, from 1931 to 1975, has become a rich historical seam for Spanish film-makers to mine as Spain struggles to come to terms with a past that had previously been refracted through a right-wing lens.

Under the dictatorship of General Francisco Franco, Spanish cinema was utilised as a myth-making machine to spin stories about the past. Cinema became a propaganda tool as the government turned out cine cruzada, or civil-war films, which venerated the Church, the family & the fascist state. The only cinematic version of history permitted, cine cruzada is best exemplified by the 1941 film Raza (Race), a triumphalist account of the war based on a script by the victorious dictator himself. It encapsulates the attitude of those in power: they had won the war, now they needed to win the history.

Even foreign films favourable to a republican viewpoint, such as the 1943 version of Ernest Hemingway's novel For Whom the Bell Tolls, were refused distribution. Facing the sharp scissors of the censor, oppositional film-makers who remained in the country utilised allusion, metaphor & symbolism in an attempt to raise alternative historical accounts of the past.

But from within these artistic strictures emerged two of the most acclaimed films to touch on the conflict: Saura's 1965 film La Caza (The Hunt) & Victor Erice's classic expressionist work from 1973, El Espiritu de la Colmena (Spirit of the Beehive). Set in the period following the conflict, both films deny easy interpretation, but many of those Spaniards fortunate enough to have seen them in cinemas at the time viewed them as harsh condemnations of the regime.

A recurring theme in Saura's work is the problems associated with re-capturing a long-suppressed past through recourse to memory. This is evident in Cousin Angelica which recalls the war from the perspective of a child of republican parents. Similarly, Saura's 1970 film, El Jardin de las Delicias (The Garden of Delights), relates the story of an amnesiac businessman whose peseta-chasing family attempt to force him to recollect his financial transactions. After years of cinematic distortion of history, Saura's films raise crucial questions about the vital necessity of remembering the past; yet, simultaneously, they point to the inherent fallibility of human memory itself.

After Franco's death in 1975 & the subsequent relaxation of censorship laws, cinematic representations of the war changed beyond all recognition. Over the following two & a half decades, events that were previously referred to obliquely took centre-stage in Spanish cinema.

In the years immediately following the dictator's demise, some film-makers turned towards documentary in a direct attempt to recuperate this repressed historical period. In 1977 La vieja memoria (The Old Memory) was released - an experimental documentary directed by Jaime Camino that utilises eyewitness testimonies from a wide range of veterans of the conflict. It seeks the "truth" of the past, but a different type of "truth" from the monolithic accounts characteristic of Francoist cinema. By presenting conflicting, subjective versions of the same period, The Old Memory moves from a documentary style to a more open-ended narrative that invites a plurality of response.

The same year saw another landmark documentary, Por Que Perdimos la Guerra? (Why Did We Lose the War?), directed by Diego Santillan, the son of a wartime anarchist leader, which presents a series of interviews with sympathisers of the anarchist trade union, the CNT. Fiercely critical of the British & French governments' refusal to sell arms to the beleaguered republic, the film also takes a bitter swipe at Stalin & the Spanish Communist Party (PCE).

With more than a little justification, Santillan suggests that Stalin was keener to establish a pact with fascism than to further the revolutionary uprising that had prevented Franco's immediate seizure of power. Both these documentaries marked a new stage in representations of the conflict, but the appeal of documentary cinema was relatively short-lived & Spanish film-makers mainly utilised fictional cinema to deal with the past.

In 1985, Luis Garcia Berlanga's La Vaquilla (The Little Cow) was released. Set on the Aragon front during the war, the significance of the film stems from its status as one of the first comedies set during that period. In that sense it foreshadows two of the films best known to foreign audiences: Fernando Trueba's Oscar-winning Belle Epoque (1993) & Saura's Ay, Carmela! (1990).

Set on the cusp of the establishment of the second republic & the abdication of the monarchy in April 1931, the world created in Belle Epoque is a million miles removed from the lived experience of rural life in 1930s Spain. The film creates an imaginary world where no one worries about work or money, where there is an abundance of good food & wine, & where personal freedom is closely identified with sexual liberation - a world that is in the process of shaking off the repressive force of the Catholic church & where people can begin to live their lives free from patriarchal restrictions.

As with Butterfly's Tongue, this is sugar-coated history. Republican Spain seen through rose-tinted glasses; a harsh & bitter world, magically transformed into an idyllic pre-modern utopia about to be cruelly crushed by fascism. There is a refusal to engage with a concrete historical past, & what is presented in both films is a nostalgic recreation of a republican Spain that never was. These two films highlight the fact that right-wing myths of the past are slowly being undone but they are being replaced with myths of a different kind.

If both Belle Epoque & Butterfly's Tongue recreate romanticised worlds, Ay Carmela! presents a different image of Spain altogether. Set in 1938, when the republic looked defeated, Carmela & her compatriots are performers in a republican theatre company who are captured by Franco's troops & faced with the dilemma of whether to perform before a group of fascist soldiers.

Saura uses the situation to present a meditation on questions dealing with artistic & cultural freedom: how much is it possible to compromise in the face of censorship & dictatorial control? What do you do in the face of inevitable doom? These are undoubtedly questions of specific relevance to those who struggled to make films under the dictatorship, but they also raise questions about the here & now, & indicate how the civil war is visited to comment on the concerns of the present.

It was not only Spanish films that entered the battle over Spain's past. Ken Loach's Land & Freedom was released in 1995 amidst a flurry of critical praise & political debate. Using as its starting point George Orwell's classic autobiographical account, Homage to Catalonia, Land & Freedom focuses on the bitter internal struggles within the republican movement that assisted the fascists' victory.

Like Why Did We Lose the War?, by re-examining the debates over the need for a revolutionary war to defeat Franco, Loach attempts to rehabilitate the war's revolutionary dimensions, suggesting that the conflict was more than a simple struggle between fascism & democracy. The closing slow-motion shooting of Blanca, a metaphorical representation of the betrayal of the revolution by the Spanish communists, caused bitter controversy & kick-started a reappraisal of the conflict inside Spain.

The furore provoked by Land & Freedom confirms the importance of cinematic images to contemporary audiences' understanding of the past. Like it or not, as the importance of the written word is steadily replaced by the immediacy of the visual image, cinema will increasingly become an arena for the contestation of differing versions of history.

Currently in pre-production, Antonio Banderas is preparing to direct Malaga Burning!, an adaptation of a 1937 novel set in his hometown in 1936. We wait with bated breath to see what myths will be created - or exploded - when Hollywood gets its hands on the Spanish civil war.


1974 --



1974



The war that won't die

Sixty years after it ended, film-makers are still fighting the Spanish Revolution & Civil War.

When a fire bomb ripped through the Balmes cinema in Barcelona on July 11, 1974...


When a fire bomb ripped through the Balmes cinema in Barcelona on July 11, 1974, the screening of Carlos Saura's La Prima Angelica (Cousin Angelica) was brought abruptly to a halt. The violent response to Angelica, one of the first films to represent the country's bitter civil war from a republican perspective, emphasised the political importance of cinema that deals with contested historical periods. The civil war may have ended officially in 1939, but fascist fire bombs suggested that the battle for Spain's fractured past was set to continue.

The release of Jose Luis Cuerda's La Lengua de las Mariposas (Butterfly's Tongue) once again brings the Spanish civil war into the cinema. Set in Galicia in the months preceding Franco's fascist uprising in July 1936, it traces the relationship between a seven-year-old boy & his anarchist-leaning teacher.

The film is indicative of Spanish cinema's concern with the country's recent past; of the nearly 300 historical films produced in Spain since the 1970s, more than half are set during the second republic, the civil war & under Franco.


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http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/featurepages/0,4120,347804,00.html
http://www.americancinematheque.com/span99.htm#saura
http://www.offoffoff.com/film/00q3/butterfly.php3




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1993 -- ed dorn POETRY ARCHIVE Berkeley Poetry Conference * Lectures (SA 638, 1-7) SA 638, 1: Robert Duncan, "Psyche-Myth & the Moment of Truth", July 13, 1965. Introduced by Thomas Parkinson. Duration: 90 min. (Copies may be supplied to educational institutions & to SA638 & 639 participants only.) SA 638, 2: Jack Spicer, "Poetry & Politics", July 14, 1965. Introduced by Thomas Parkinson. Duration: 75 min. (May not be transcribed for publication.) Spicer sample 21 seconds, 456k. SA 638, 3: Gary Snyder, "Poetry & the Primitive", July 16, 1965. Introduced by Allen Ginsberg. Duration: 75 min. Snyder sample 29 seconds, 632k. SA 638, 4: Charles Olson, "Causal Mythology", July 20, 1965. Introduced by Robert Duncan. Duration: 80 min. Olson sample 11 seconds, 240k. SA 638, 5: Ed Dorn, "The Poet, the People, the Spirit", July 21, 1965. Duration: 70 min. (Personal copies only; not for further distribution.) Dorn sample 32 seconds, 710k. SA 638, 6: Allen Ginsberg, "What's Happening on Earth", July 22, 1965. Introduced by Gary Snyder. Duration: 80 min. (May be broadcast only in unedited form.) SA 638, 7: Robert Creeley, "Sense of Measure", July 23, 1965. Introduced by Robert Duncan. Duration: 85 min. Berkeley Poetry Conference * Readings (SA 639, 1-14) SA 639, 1: Not Recorded SA 639, 2: Gary Snyder, July 13, 1965. Introduced by Thomas Parkinson. Duration: 90 min. SA 639, 3: John Wieners, July 14, 1965. Introduced by Robert Creeley. Duration: 45 min. SA 639, 4: Jack Spicer, July 15, 1965. Introduced by Thomas Parkinson. Duration: 50 min. (May not be transcribed for publication.) SA 639, 5: Robert Duncan, July 16, 1965. Introduced by Thomas Parkinson. Duration: 95 min. SA 639, 6: Robin Blaser, 38 min.; George Stanley, 30 min.; Richard Duerden, 42 min., July 17, 1965. Introduced by Robert Duncan. Duration: 120 min. (Copies of Stanley reading restricted; no copies permitted of Duerden reading.) SA 639, 7: "Young Poets" Jim Boyack, 18 min.; Robin Eichele, 17 min.; Victor Coleman, 14 min.; Bob Hogg, 11 min.; Stephen Rodefer, 15 min.; David Franks, 21 min., July 18, 1965. Introduced by Victor Coleman. Duration: 95 min. SA 639, 8: "Special Poetry Reading" John Sinclair, 35 min.; Lenore Kandel, 29 min.; Ted Berrigan, 42 min.; Ed Sanders, 23 min., July 17, 1965. Introduced by Allen Ginsberg. Duration: 135 min. (No Copies Permitted of Sanders reading.) SA 639, 9: Ed Dorn, July 20, 1965. Introduced by Robert Creeley. Duration: 110 min. (Copies not permitted for further distribution by other organizations.) SA 639, 10: Allen Ginsberg, July 21, 1965. Introduced by Thomas Parkinson. Duration: 120 min. SA 639, 11: Robert Creeley, July 22, 1965. Introduced by Robert Duncan. Duration: 80 min. SA 639, 12: Charles Olson, July 23, 1965. Introduced by Robert Duncan. Duration: 205 min. SA 639, 13: Ron Loewinsohn, 40 min.; Joanne Kyger, 35 min.; Lew Welch, 48 min.. July 24, 1965. Introduced by Robert Duncan. Duration: 120 min. SA 639, 14: "Young Poets from the Bay Area", Gene Fowler, 23 min.; Jim Wehlage, 19 min.; Eileen Adams, 13 min.; Doug Palmer, 18 min.; Sam Thomas, 14 min.; Gale Dusenbery, 13 min.; Drum Hadley, 14 min.; Lowell Levant, 14 min.; Jim Thurber, 20 min., July 25, 1965. Introduced by Gary Snyder. Duration: 160 min. (No copies permitted of Adams or Hadley readings.)



Ed Dorn, "The Poet, the People, the Spirit", July 21, 1965. Duration: 70 min. (Personal copies only; not for further distribution.) Dorn sample 32 seconds, 710k.

http://www.itp.berkeley.edu/blc/sounds/dorn.aiff
http://www.thing.net/~grist/bove/dorn.htm

1997 -- Italy: Cops raid anarchist centers & homes across the country. The Italian Anarchist Federation denounced the raids as a thinly veiled attempt to intimidate & criminalize the movement.
On July 17, 1997, the judge presiding over the preliminary inquiry of the Roman Tribunal, Claudia D'Angelo, read the following sentence: "Let us remind you that all of the defendants were accused of: subversive association...

At least 29 arrest warrants were issued & at least 39 people were informed that they were under official investigation. Of these some were already in jail: Antonio Budini, Carlo Tesseri, jean Weir and Christos Stratigopolus since September 1994 for a bank robbery near Trento; Orlando Campo, Gregorian Gargarin, Francesco Porcu for the Silocchi kidnapping; Horst Fantazzini (since 25 years) for many robberies & assault; & Marco Camenisch for bombings. In all it looks like some 68 people have been implicated by the police in this supposed "terrorist" gang. 21 anarchists were apprehended between Sept. 17, 1996, & the end of December, while 8 went underground. On December 18 two of those arrested were sentenced to 22 years in prison. Also arrested in relation to the Milan bombing was Patrizia Cadeddu, one of the occupants of the Laboratorio Anarchico di Milano, arrested on 20 June for being the alleged deliverer of a supposed note claiming responsibility for the bombing by a group called Azione Rivluzionaria Anarchica (Anarchist Revolutionary Action). In September Cadeddu was transferred to Rome to be interrogated, supposedly by Marini, as part of the investigation of subversive associations. On July 17, 1997, the judge presiding over the preliminary inquiry of the Roman Tribunal, Claudia D'Angelo, read the following sentence: "Let us remind you that all of the defendants were accused of: subversive association (art. 270 of the criminal code); subversive association leading to terrorism & the destruction of democratic order (art. 270); formation of & participation in an armed band (art. 360). In addition, all are charged with receiving stolen goods (art. 648). ... Anna Beniamino, Mario Frisetty, Maria Ludovica Maschietto, Alfredo Cospito, Nadia DePascal, Raffaele Scapuzzo, Carmela Antonia Scopetta, Giuseppe Scarso, Bruno Palamara, Roberto Sforza, Pierleone Porcu, Constantino Cavelleri, Anna Maria Sgarmella, Mario Anzoino, Maria Arenale, will be tried for participation in a subversive organization aiming to violently overthrow the economic & social order of the state (art. 270)." The judge has exonerated them of being in a armed band & of receiving stolen goods. Loris Fantazzini, Pasquale Lorenti, Flavia Cannoletta, Roberto Gemignani, Marco Brizzolari, Maracino Domenico, Corrado Viola, Edoardo Massari, Giovanni Mario Sann & Bachisio Goddi are exonerated of all accusations. Alfredo Maria Bonanno, Tiziano Andreozzi, Francesco Berlemmi, Antonio Budini, Marco Camenisch, Orlando Camp, Maria Apollonaria Cortimiglia, Luciano DiFazio, Liborio Falco, Horst Fantazzini, Antonio Gizzo, Franco Fonte, Gagarin Gregorian, Salvatore Gugliara, Christina La Forte, Angela Maria Lo Vecchio ' Guido Mantelli, Maria Marotta, Giuseppe Martino, Stefano Moreale, Mojdeh Namsetchi, Roberta Nano, Bruno Palamara, Fabrizio Pio, Francesco Porcu, Lorenzo Ricca, Giuseppina Roccobobo, Paolo Ruberto, Emma Sassosi, Rose Ann Scrocco, Antonio Sforza, Fabio Sforza, Massimo Sforza, Giuseppi Stasi, Christos Stratigopulos, Carlo Tesseri, Evangelia Tsioutzia, & jean Helen Weir will be tried for participation in a subversive organization aiming to violently overthrow the economic & social order of the state (art. 270), subversive association leading to terrorism & the destruction of democratic order (art. 270), formation of an participation in an armed band (art. 360) & receiving stolen goods (art. 648). These defendants will also be tried on various individual charges against them." The trials were to begin October 20,1997. As of this writing we have seen nothing new on the case accept that, interestingly enough, Alfredo Bonanno & Emma Sassosi were released on provisional liberty on October 31, after 13 months in jail awaiting trial. Other defendants who were already in jail under other sentences remain behind bars. http://www.ecn.org/zero/cda/



2002 -- A new toy from Google Date: Wed, 22 May 2002 21:59:59 -0700 From: Mike Payson I'm not sure if this will help with the bleed or not, but it's pretty cool. http://labs.google.com/sets http://labs.google.com/sets?hl=en&q1=emma+goldman&q2=bakunin&q3=kropotkin&q4=&q5=&btn=Large+Set


2003 -- [anarchy_history] (en) Event, St. Petersburg, Russia, April 14, 1879? [Flavio Costantini illus] SEE RESEARCH FOLDER FOR RESPONSES, ETC Date: Mon, 14 Apr 2003 10:24:58 -0700 From: "David Brown, Recollection" Reply-To: anarchy_history@yahoogroups.com To: Anarchy History Can anyone provide information regarding an event in St. Petersburg, Russia, April 14, 1879? My clue is an illustration by Flavio Costantini, the title referencing this date, & clearly indicating someone is about to have a bad day: http://www.afmltd.demon.co.uk/costantini/graphics/gallery/images/a6-St-Petersbg-14-April-79.jpg http://www.afmltd.demon.co.uk/costantini/graphics/gallery/index.htm I'd like to attach some textual reference/information, rather than just this lone image, for today's Daily Bleed. I've searched Google without success. Damn I love these quizzes! [Help much appreciated.]


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2003 -- "And we'll make it fine If the weather holds But if the weather holds We'll have missed the point"- The Indigo Girls ________

Drove my Chevy to the levee but the levee was dry Them good ol' boys were drinkin whiskey & rye Singing "This'll be the day that I die" 4 "Atlanta's a distant memory Montgomery's a recent birth & Tulsa burns on the desert floor Like a signal fire. & I've got Willy on the radio A dozen things on my mind & number one is fleshing out These dreams of mine & it's 200 more miles of rain, asphalt in line Before I sleep But there'll be no warm sheets or welcoming arms To fall into tonight."- The Cowboy Junkies

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A control city is the major city on a highway sign. In general, highway signs try to give two cities, a local destination on top & a major city on the bottom. A good example is I-90 heading out of Seattle. It says "Bellevue [eastern suburb of Seattle]/Spokane [280 miles away]" David Steinberg got his Masters Degree in mathematics from New Mexico State University in 1994. He first discovered the power of live music at the Capitol Centre in 1988 & never has been the same. His Phish stats website is at www.ihoz.com/PhishStats.html http://www.ihoz.com/PhishStats.html
I had my own time machine, a big cheap’61 Chevy Impala.

2003 -- Chile Indians block hydro-electric dam project 22 July 2003 By Patrick Nixon, Reuters RALCO, Chile — Four elderly Pehuenche Indian women are blocking completion of a $570 million hydroelectric dam at Ralco in southern Chile, saying it would flood sacred land and destroy their way of life. For six years the women have rejected offers of money -- up to $1.1 million -- & land in exchange for their 103 acres on the banks of the Bio Bio River that Chile's Endesa power company needs to finish its giant power station project. "They're not going to flood my land ... I'll only leave here when I'm dead," declared 78